Cao Pi's invasions of Eastern Wu

Cao Pi's invasions of Eastern Wu
Part of the wars of the Three Kingdoms period

A map showing the invasions (not drawn to scale)
DateSeptember 222–225
Location
Numerous location along the Yangtze River, Ruxu, Dongkou, and Jiangling
Result Stalemate, Cao Pi fails to capture land below the Yangtze River and retreats
Belligerents
Cao Wei Eastern Wu
Commanders and leaders

Cao Pi
Cao Ren

Cao Zhen

Cao Xiu

Sun Quan
Lü Fan

He Qi

Zhu Ran
Zhu Huan
Pan Zhang
Strength
100,000+[1] 50,000+

During the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history, Cao Pi, the first emperor of the state of Cao Wei, invaded the rival state of Eastern Wu thrice during his reign between 222 and 225. The casus belli for the attack was the Wu leader Sun Quan's refusal to send his son Sun Deng as a hostage to the Wei court, under which Wu was a nominal vassal at the time. The invasions were separated into two parts. The first attack occurred in the years 222–224 before Cao Pi ordered total retreat. The second and last part was fought in 225.

  1. ^ de Crespigny 2004, p. 15:"His headquarters were established in the former capital of the commandery, and it was claimed that the army under his command was more than a hundred thousand."