Capsella bursa-pastoris

Shepherd's purse
Flowering and fruiting
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Capsella
Species:
C. bursa-pastoris
Binomial name
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Bursa abscissa (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa alandica (Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa anglica (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa astoris Weber
    • Bursa batavorum (Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa belgica (Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa bremensis (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa brittonii (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris (L.) Shafer
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris var. heteris Shull
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris var. integrifolia Farw.
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris var. minor Farw.
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris var. rhomboidea Shull
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris var. simplex (Hus) Shull
    • Bursa bursa-pastoris var. tenuis Shull
    • Bursa concava (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa divaricata (Walp.) Kuntze
    • Bursa djurdjurae Shull
    • Bursa druceana (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa gallica (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa germanica (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa grossa (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa heegeri (Solms) Shull
    • Bursa hiatula (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa integrella (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa laevigata (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa mediterranea (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa occidentalis var. concava Shull
    • Bursa occidentalis subsp. madeirae Shull
    • Bursa orientalis Shull
    • Bursa origo (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa patagonica (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa penarthae Shull
    • Bursa pergrossa (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa robusta (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa segetum (E.B.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa sinuosa (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa sublaevigata (Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa trevirorum (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa turoniensis (E.G.Almq.) Druce
    • Bursa viguieri (Blaringhem) Shull
    • Bursa viminalis (Almq.) Druce
    • Capsella abscissa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella acutifolia Raf.
    • Capsella aestivalis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella agrestis Jord.
    • Capsella agrestis-rubella Paill.
    • Capsella alandica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella algida (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella alpestris (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella altissima (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella amblodes Raf.
    • Capsella angermannica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella anglica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella angustiloba (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella apetala Opiz
    • Capsella austriaca Sennen
    • Capsella autumnalis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella batavorum (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella belgica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella bicuspis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella bifida Raf.
    • Capsella biformis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella bottnica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella bremensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella brevisiliqua (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella brittonii (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella bursa Raf.
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris f. attenuata Hus
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris var. bifida Crép.
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris var. integrifolia DC.
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris var. minor DC.
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris var. pinnata Makino
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris f. pinnatifida (Schltr.) Jovan.-Dunj.
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris var. rubriflora Muschl.
    • Capsella bursa-pastoris var. stenocarpa Crép.
    • Capsella calmariensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella caucasica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella cavata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella collina (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella compacta (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella convexiformis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella cordata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella coroncpus (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella cuneiformis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella cuneolata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella curvisiliqua (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella cuspidata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella dentata Raf.
    • Capsella denticulata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella difformis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella diodonta (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella divaricata Walp.
    • Capsella druceana (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella elegans (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella emarginata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella erecta Walp.
    • Capsella exotica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella faucialis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella foliosa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella frigida (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella fucorum (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella furcata Raf.
    • Capsella galicica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella gallica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella germanica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella gothica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella gotlandica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella gracilescens (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella grossa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella grossotriangularis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella hanseatica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella heegeri Solms
    • Capsella helsingica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella herjedalica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella hians (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella hiatula (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella hiemalis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella hispida Hobk.
    • Capsella humilis Rouy & Foucaud
    • Capsella hyrcana Grossh.
    • Capsella incisura (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella integrella (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella integrifolia Hegetschw.
    • Capsella integrifolia Raf.
    • Capsella jemtlandica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella jeniseiensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella kyphosa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lacerata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella laevigata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lanceolatocaspica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella latisiliqua (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lenaensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella leptoloba (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella linearis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lingulata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lobulata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella longiracemosa Sennen
    • Capsella longirostris (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella longisiliqua (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lulensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella lutetiana (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella macroclada (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella matura (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella mediterranea (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella microcarpa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella monasterialis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella nanella (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella nylandica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella obovata (Östman) Almq.
    • Capsella obtusa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella odontophylla (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella oelandica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella origo (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella oviculata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella ovifera (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella pastoralis Dulac
    • Capsella pastoris Rupr.
    • Capsella patagonica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella penarthae (Shull) Wilmott
    • Capsella perconcava (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella perdentata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella pergrossa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella perhians (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella perversa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella pinnata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella pinnatofoliosa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella poimenobalantion St.-Lag.
    • Capsella polymorpha Cav.
    • Capsella praecox Jord.
    • Capsella praematura (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella prionophylla (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella provincialis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella querceti (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella ramselensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella rhenana Almq.
    • Capsella rhombea (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella robusta (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella rubella (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella rubelliformis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella rubelloagrestis Paill.
    • Capsella rubiginosa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella ruderalis Jord.
    • Capsella salinula (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella savonica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella scanica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella scoliocaspica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella segetum (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella seleniaca (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella semilobata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella semirubella (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella sinuatolinearis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella sinuosa (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella smolandica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella stenocarpa (Crép.) Hobk.
    • Capsella stenocarpa Timb.-Lagr.
    • Capsella subalgida (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella subalpina (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella subarctica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella subbergiana (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella subcanescens (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella subcavata (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella subseleniaca (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella tenerescens (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella tibelensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella tjustiana (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella trevirorum (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella triangularis St.-Lag.
    • Capsella turoniensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella umensis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella ursina (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella varia (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella vestrogothica (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella viguieri Blaringhem
    • Capsella viminalis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Capsella virgata Jord.
    • Capsella viridis (E.B.Almq.) E.B.Almq.
    • Crucifera capsella E.H.L.Krause
    • Iberis bursa-pastoris Crantz
    • Lepidium bursa-pastoris Willd.
    • Nasturtium bursa-pastoris (L.) Roth
    • Opizia bursoides Raf.
    • Rodschiedia bursa-pastoris (Medik.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Schreb.
    • Thlaspi bursa-pastoris L.
    • Thlaspi cuneatum Stokes
    • Thlaspi infestum Salisb.
    • Thlaspi schrankii J.F.Gmel.

Capsella bursa-pastoris, known as shepherd's purse because of its triangular flat fruits, which are purse-like, is a small annual and ruderal flowering plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae).[2] It is native to eastern Europe and Asia minor,[3] but is naturalized and considered a common weed in many parts of the world, especially in colder climates,[4] including the British Isles,[5] where it is regarded as an archaeophyte,[6][7] North America[8][9] and China,[10] but also in the Mediterranean and North Africa.[3] C. bursa-pastoris is the second-most prolific wild plant in the world,[10] and is common on cultivated ground and waysides and meadows.[11]

Scientists have referred to this species as a protocarnivore, since it has been found that its seeds attract and kill nematodes as a means to locally enrich the soil.[12][13]

  1. ^ "Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference parnell2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Aksoy, A; Dixon, JM; Hale, WH (1998). "Biological flora of the British Isles. Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medikus (Thlaspi bursapastoris L., Bursa bursa-pastoris (L.) Shull, Bursa pastoris (L.) Weber)". Journal of Ecology. 86: 171–186. arXiv:1303.1393. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00260.x. S2CID 84689066.
  4. ^ "Capsella bursa-pastoris". Flora of Pakistan.
  5. ^ Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968. Excursion Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-04656-4
  6. ^ Preston, CD; Pearman, DA; Dines, TD (2002). New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198510673.
  7. ^ Preston, CD; Pearman, DA; Hall, AR (2004). "Archaeophytes in Britain". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 145 (3): 257–294. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00284.x.
  8. ^ "Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik". USDA Plants Database.
  9. ^ Blanchan, Neltje (2005). Wild Flowers Worth Knowing. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
  10. ^ a b "Capsella bursa-pastoris". Flora of China.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference CTW was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Nature - Evidence for Facultative Protocarnivory in Capsella bursa-pastoris seeds
  13. ^ Telegraph - Tomatoes Can Eat Insects