Caquins of Brittany

Breton ropemakers in 1905

The Caquins of Brittany, (also Cacous[a] Kakouz, Caqueux,[2] Caquets,[3] and Caquous[2]) were groups of inhabitants who worked as coopers and ropemakers,[4] subjected to exclusion in their villages located in Brittany, between the thirteenth century and modern times.[4]

It is believed that the exclusion of the Caquins was based on the fear of leprosy, where Caquin rope makers were believed to be descendants of lepers and could spread leprosy. This potential leprous origin as well as their treatment, until the eighteenth century, mean they are often compared to the Cagots of southwestern France and northern Spain,[3][b] or the crétins des Alpes of the Swiss Alps, there is however no mention of physical or mental particularities specific to the Caquins.

  1. ^ Tuke 1880, p. 376, 382.
  2. ^ a b c von Zach (1798), pp. 516–517: "Man kennt sie in Bretagne unter der Benennung von Cacous oder Caqueux. Man findet sie in Aunis, vorzüglich auf der Insel Maillezais, so wie auch in La Rochelle, wo sie Coliberts gennent werden. In Guyenne und Gascogne in der Nähe von Bordeaux erscheinen sie unter dem Namen der Cahets, und halten sich in den unbewohnbarsten Morästen, Sümpfen und Heiden auf. In den beyden Navarren heissen sie Caffos, Cagotes, Agotes." ["They are known in Brittany under the name of Cacous or Caqueux. They can be found in Aunis, especially on the island of Maillezais, as well as in La Rochelle, where they are called Coliberts. In Guyenne and Gascogne, near Bordeaux, they appear under the name of the Cahets, and can be found in the most uninhabitable swamps, swamps and heaths. In the two Navarres they are called Caffos, Cagotes, Agotes."]
  3. ^ a b c von Zach (1798), pp. 521: "Es fragt sich 2) gehören die Caquets oder Caqueux in Bretagne und die Cagots in Bearn, so wie Cassos in Navarra zu einem und demselben Geschlechte? Wir glauben die Frage mit Ramond bejahen zu können. Die grosse Verwandtschaft der Namen, die Ähnlichkeit ihres Zustandes, die aller Orten gleiche Verachtung, und derselbe Geist, der aus allen Verordnungen in Betreff ihrer herverleuchtet scheinen diess zu beweisen." ["The question arises 2) Do the caquets or caqueux in Brittany and the cagots in Bearn, like the cassos in Navarre, belong to one and the same family? We think we can answer the question with Ramond in the affirmative. The close affinity of names, the similarity of their condition, the same contempt in all places, and the same spirit emanating from all the ordinances concerning them, seem to prove this."]
  4. ^ a b Rosenzweig, Louis (1872). Les Cacous de Bretagne [The Cacous of Brittany] (in French). Bibliothèque des Chartes. p. 3 – via Bibliothèque numérique.


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