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Carballo is a Galician, Spanish, Catalan and Basque surname, originating from the Galician and Portuguese words for oak. It references the family's settlements surroundings of forest on mountainous terrain in Carballo, Galicia, northwestern Spain.[citation needed] Over the years, the surname has become more frequent in other countries, and the name has had variations in its spelling. It became widely renowned in the early 1600s in the Spanish colonization of the Americas or New Spain and greatly expanded during the 1800s. It spread from South America, Central America, Mexico, and North America, also including the Philippine Islands, Cuba, and Puerto Rico, territories of Spanish Colonialism or colonial expansion under the Crown of Castile during Spanish holdings in the Age of Discovery.