Cytotoxin 3 | |||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||
Organism | |||||||
Symbol | ? | ||||||
PDB | 1H0J | ||||||
UniProt | P60301 | ||||||
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Cardiotoxin III (CTX III, also known as cytotoxin 3) is a sixty amino-acid polypeptide toxin from the Taiwan cobra Naja atra. CTX III is highly basic and hydrophobic protein.[1] It is an example of a group of snake cardio/cytotoxins (InterPro: IPR003572), which are made up of shorter snake venom three-finger toxins. Over 50 different cytotoxin polypeptides have been isolated and sequenced from venom samples. The difference in the CTX functionality may be due to the relatively small difference in the polypeptide's structure, allowing different CTXs to induce lysis in different cell types.[2] The CTX III molecule contains multiple binding sites and is cytolytic for myocardial cells and human leukemic T cells.[3]
CTX III's molecular structure displays a folding of the polypeptide backbone that creates five stands from a globular structure. These strands form a double and a triple antiparallel β-sheet.[4] Studies performed with an antibody complementary of CTX III seemed to conclude that the active site for the molecule's hemolytic and cytotoxic functions and characteristics result from two separate sites.