Carey, Cary or Carrey is a surname that has four distinct geographical origins, in order of numeracy: Ireland, the English West Country, Wales and France.
The surname arises from nine recorded distinct patronymics in Ireland, and is numerous and widespread;[1] the many original forms have been listed by the National Folklore Collection of Ireland in 2015,[2] increasing the number of variants quoted by the Registrar General of Ireland in 1890.[3] Some forms contain the Old Irish adjective 'ciar'- 'black/dark', of which Ó Ciardha (County Kildare, County Westmeath & 'many parts of the south of Ireland'),[4] Ó Ciaráin (County Cork), Ó Céirín,[4] (County Kerry, County Clare, County Mayo), Ó Cearáin (County Mayo), Mac Giolla Céire (County Cork, County Kilkenny), Ó Ciarmhacháin (County Cork)[5][6] and Ó Ciarmhaic in some parts of Munster;[7] also from the County Galway and County Meath surname Mac Fhiachra, through its early phonetic anglicisations of Keighry, Kehery & c.;[8][9] and from Ó Carráin/Ó Corráin (County Tipperary), with the Irish root 'carra/corra'- 'spear';[10] and MacFhearadhaigh (MacCarry/MacCary), root 'fear'-'man', of County Antrim.[5][11]
It may derive from the English West Country, viz. Castle Cary on the River Cary in Somerset and/or Carey Barton on the River Carey in Devon, containing either the Pre-Celtic element 'kar'- 'stony/hard' (Watts, 2004),[12] or the Celtic language element 'car' 'dear/pleasant' (Hanks, 2003).[9]
Carew, Pembrokeshire, from Welsh language 'Caeriw'- with the Celtic root 'caer'- 'fort', or from places in Cornwall, perhaps with the cognate Cornish element 'ker',[13] or the Pre-Celtic element 'car'- 'stony/stones' as in Carey Tor, Bodmin Moor.[14]
Carey occurs as a variant of (de) Carrey in archives in Normandy, Burgundy, Franche-Comté etc., in France[15][16] from habitational names, possibly with the Pre-Celtic element 'car'-'stony/stones'.[17] The Norman name is probably the origin of the surname in Guernsey, Channel Islands.[13]
^Edward MacLysaght, 'Surnames of Ireland', Irish Academic Press, Dublin 1985, 'Irish Families', I.A.P. 1985 & c. P. Woulfde, 'Sloinnte Gaedheal is Gaii', Dublin, 1923 online at Foras na Gaeilge, official Irish language org online at http://www.sloinne.ie/?q=Carey