Casein kinase I isoform epsilon or CK1ε, is an enzyme that is encoded by the CSNK1E gene in humans.[5][6] It is the mammalian homolog of doubletime. CK1ε is a serine/threonine protein kinase and is very highly conserved; therefore, this kinase is very similar to other members of the casein kinase 1 family,[7] of which there are seven mammalian isoforms (α, β, γ1, γ2, γ3, δ and ε).[8] CK1ε is most similar to CK1δ in structure and function as the two enzymes maintain a high sequence similarity on their regulatory C-terminal and catalytic domains.[8] This gene is a major component of the mammalian oscillator which controls cellular circadian rhythms.[7] CK1ε has also been implicated in modulating various human health issues such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes.[8]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000213923 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022433 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Fish KJ, Cegielska A, Getman ME, Landes GM, Virshup DM (June 1995). "Isolation and characterization of human casein kinase I epsilon (CKI), a novel member of the CKI gene family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (25): 14875–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.25.14875. PMID 7797465.
- ^ Sakanaka C, Leong P, Xu L, Harrison SD, Williams LT (October 1999). "Casein kinase iepsilon in the wnt pathway: regulation of beta-catenin function". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (22): 12548–52. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.22.12548. PMC 22983. PMID 10535959.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
Knippschild_2015was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Yang Y, Xu T, Zhang Y, Qin X (February 2017). "Molecular basis for the regulation of the circadian clock kinases CK1δ and CK1ε". Cellular Signalling. 31: 58–65. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.12.010. PMID 28057520.