The Chandos Chair of Medicine and Anatomy is a Chair in Medicine and Anatomy of the University of St Andrews, Scotland. It was established in 1721, by a bequest of £1000 from James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos - then the Chancellor of the university. His original aim was to establish a Chair of Eloquence, although this was rejected by the university in favour of a chair in Medicine and Anatomy. Holders of the Chandos Chair are known as Chandos Professors. The Chandos Chair still exists today, although in 1875 it became a chair in physiology.