Aspect of the Chechen–Russian conflict
The Chechen genocide refers to the mass casualties suffered by the Chechen people since the beginning of the Chechen–Russian conflict in the 18th century.[ 13] [ 14] The term has no legal effect,[ 15] although the European Parliament recognized the 1944 forced deportation of the Chechens , which killed around a third of the total Chechen population, as an act of genocide in 2004.[ 16] Similarly, in 2022, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine condemned the "genocide of the Chechen people" by Russia during the First Chechen War and the Second Chechen War .
^ Chechnya: bez sredstv dlya zhizni: Otsenka narusheniya ekonomicheskikh, sotsial'nykh i kul'turnykh prav v Chechenskoy respublike Чечня: без средств для жизни: Оценка нарушения экономических, социальных и культурных прав в Чеченской республике [Chechnya: without means to live: Assessment of violations of economic, social and cultural rights in the Chechen Republic ] (PDF) (in Russian). Geneva: World Organization Against Torture. 2004. p. 35. ISBN 2-88477-070-4 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2023.
^ Abbenhuis, Maartje; Morrell, Gordon (2019). The First Age of Industrial Globalization: An International History 1815-1918 . Bloomsbury Publishing . p. 139. ISBN 9781474267113 .
^ "Victimario Histórico Militar" [Historical Military Victim] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 12 May 2022.
^ Richmond, Walter (2013) [1994]. The Circassian Genocide . New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press . ISBN 978-0-8135-6069-4 .
^ "After 73 years, the memory of Stalin's deportation of Chechens and Ingush still haunts the survivors" . OC Media . Archived from the original on 26 February 2024.
^ Binet, Laurence (2014). War crimes and politics of terror in Chechnya 1994–2004 (PDF) . Médecins Sans Frontières . p. 83. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2023.
^ Andrei, Sakharov (4 November 1999). "The Second Chechen War" . Reliefweb . Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 31 July 2023 .
^ "North Caucasus Weekly from the Jamestown Foundation" . Archived from the original on 10 October 2008.
^ Reinke, Sarah (2005). Schleichender Völkermord in Tschetschenien. Verschwindenlassen – ethnische Verfolgung in Russland – Scheitern der internationalen Politik [Creeping genocide in Chechnya. Disappearances – ethnic persecution in Russia – failure of international politics] (Report) (in German). Gesellschaft für bedrohte Völker. p. 8. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014.
^ Nadskakuła 2013 , pp. 51, 55, 61; Khizriev 2011 , p. 27; Delmaev 2002 ; Anchabadze 2001 , pp. 71, 82; Kaylan 2010 ; Pasquier 2002 ; Bunich 1995 , p. 15; Glucksmann 2003 ; Tsekatunova 2009 , p. 145; Mandeville 2002 ; European Parliament 2003
^ "Pravozashchitniki osudili razgon piketa v Moskve" Правозащитники осудили разгон пикета в Москве [Human rights activists condemned the dispersal of the picket in Moscow]. BBC News Russian Service (in Russian). 23 February 2004. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2022 .
^ Ghebali, V.-Y. (2014). Le rôle de l'OSCE en Eurasie, du sommet de Lisbonne au Conseil ministériel de Maastricht (1996–2003) [The role of the OSCE in Eurasia, from the Lisbon Summit to the Maastricht Ministerial Council (1996–2003) ] (in French). Bruxelles: Bruylant. pp. 670–671. ISBN 978-2-8027-4477-1 .
^ "Texts adopted - EU-Russia relations - Thursday, 26 February 2004" . European Parliament . 26 February 2004. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2023 .
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