Chemi-ionization

Not to be confused with chemical ionization.

Chemi-ionization is the formation of an ion through the reaction of a gas phase atom or molecule with another atom or molecule when the collision energy is below the energy required to ionize the reagents.[1][2] The reaction may involve a reagent in an excited state[3] or may result in the formation of a new chemical bond.[1][4] Chemi-ionization can proceed through the Penning, associative, dissociative or rearrangement ionization reactions. Includes reactions that produce a free electron or a pair of ions (positive and negative).[5][6]

This process is helpful in mass spectrometry because it creates unique bands that can be used to identify molecules.[7] This process is extremely common in nature as it is considered the primary initial reaction in flames.[citation needed]

  1. ^ a b Jozef Paulovic; Laura Gagliardi; John M Dyke; Kimihiko Hirao (1 April 2005). "A theoretical study of the gas-phase chemi-ionization reaction between uranium and oxygen atoms". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 122 (14): 144317. doi:10.1063/1.1879832. ISSN 0021-9606. PMID 15847532. Wikidata Q51494633.
  2. ^ Andre Venter; Marcela Nefliu; R. Graham Cooks (April 2008). "Ambient desorption ionization mass spectrometry". Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 27 (4): 284–290. doi:10.1016/J.TRAC.2008.01.010. ISSN 0165-9936. Wikidata Q29541795.
  3. ^ Kermit K. Murray; Robert K. Boyd; Marcos N. Eberlin; G. John Langley; Liang Li; Yasuhide Naito (6 June 2013). "Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 85 (7): 1515–1609. doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06. ISSN 0033-4545. Wikidata Q55872037.
  4. ^ Klucharev, A. N. (1993), "Chemi-ionization processes", Physics-Uspekhi, 36 (6): 486–512, Bibcode:1993PhyU...36..486K, doi:10.1070/PU1993v036n06ABEH002162
  5. ^ P. Pradel; J. J. Laucagne (1983). "Chemi-ionization reactions involving metastable helium atoms at high energy". Journal de physique. 44 (11): 1263–1271. doi:10.1051/JPHYS:0198300440110126300. ISSN 0302-0738. Wikidata Q125499439.
  6. ^ Leonas, Kalinin 1977, p. 280, Introduction.
  7. ^ Dyke, John M.; Shaw, Andrew M.; Wright, Timothy G. (1994). "Study of Chemiionization Reactions in the O + 2-Butyne Reaction Mixture". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 98 (25): 6327–6331. doi:10.1021/j100076a016. ISSN 0022-3654.