Chiapas
Chiapan (Nahuatl) | |
|---|---|
| Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas (Spanish) Tlahtohcayotl chiapan (Nahuatl) | |
 View of the Usumacinta River | |
| Nickname(s): Espíritu del Mundo Maya (Spirit of the Mayan World) | |
.svg)  | |
| Coordinates: 16°32′N 92°27′W / 16.53°N 92.45°W | |
| Country | Mexico |
| Capital and largest city | Tuxtla Gutiérrez |
| Municipalities | 124 |
| Admission | September 14, 1824[1] |
| Order | 19th[a] |
| Government | |
| • Governor |  Rutilio Escandón Cadenas |
| • Senators[2] | Óscar Eduardo Ramírez Aguilar Sasil de León Villard Noé Castañón Ramírez |
| • Deputies[3] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 73,311 km2 (28,306 sq mi) |
| Ranked 10th | |
| Highest elevation | 4,080 m (13,390 ft) |
| Population (2020)[6] | |
• Total | 5,543,828 |
| • Density | 76/km2 (200/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 15th |
| GDP | |
| • Total | MXN 455 billion (US$22.7 billion) (2022) |
| • Per capita | (US$3,989) (2022) |
| Postal codes | 29–30 |
| Area codes | |
| ISO 3166 code | MX-CHP |
| HDI |  0.697 medium Ranked 32nd of 32 |
| Website | Government Web Site |
| ^ a. By the will of the people of Chiapas expressed by direct vote for incorporation into the Federation. | |
Chiapas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃjapas] ; Nahuatl Chiapan), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas), is one of the states that make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It comprises 124 municipalities as of September 2017[update][8][9] and its capital and largest city is Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Other important population centers in Chiapas include Ocosingo, Tapachula, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Comitán, and Arriaga. Chiapas is the southernmost state in Mexico, and it borders the states of Oaxaca to the west, Veracruz to the northwest, and Tabasco to the north,[10] and the Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango, and San Marcos departments of Guatemala to the east and southeast. Chiapas has a significant coastline on the Pacific Ocean to the southwest.
In general, Chiapas has a humid, tropical climate. In the northern area bordering Tabasco, near Teapa, rainfall can average more than 3,000 mm (120 in) per year. In the past, natural vegetation in this region was lowland, tall perennial rainforest, but this vegetation has been almost completely cleared to allow agriculture and ranching. Rainfall decreases moving towards the Pacific Ocean, but it is still abundant enough to allow the farming of bananas and many other tropical crops near Tapachula. On the several parallel sierras or mountain ranges running along the center of Chiapas, the climate can be quite moderate and foggy, allowing the development of cloud forests like those of Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo, home to a handful of horned guans, resplendent quetzals, and azure-rumped tanagers.
Chiapas is home to the ancient Mayan ruins of Palenque, Yaxchilán, Bonampak, Lacanha, Chinkultic, El Lagartero and Toniná. It is also home to one of the largest indigenous populations in the country, with twelve federally recognized ethnicities.[11]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Benson, Nettie Lee (1994). "La diputación provincial y el federalismo mexicano" (in Spanish). ISBN 9789681205867. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2016-01-05.
- ^ "Senadores por Chiapas LXI Legislatura". Senado de la Republica. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ^ "Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Chiapas". Camara de Diputados. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
- ^ "Resumen". Cuentame INEGI. Archived from the original on June 7, 2007. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
- ^ "Relieve". Cuentame INEGI. Archived from the original on August 13, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
- ^ "México en cifras". January 2016. Archived from the original on 2021-07-18. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
- ^ Citibanamex (June 13, 2023). "Indicadores Regionales de Actividad Económica 2023" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved August 13, 2023.
- ^ Constitución Política del Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas (PDF) (2) (in Spanish). September 6, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 1, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2018. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original on May 1, 2018. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "En 2018 sí habrá elecciones en nuevos municipios de Chiapas: SGG". El Estado (in Spanish). September 21, 2017. Archived from the original on January 6, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 117.
- ^ Smith, Netza. "Chiapas bases economy on agriculture". Joplin, MO: Missouri Southern State University. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
The indigenous people are broken up in to 10 different ethnic groups: the Tzeltales, Tzotziles, Choles, Lacandones, Zoques, Tojolabales, Mames, Chujes, Ceckchiqueles and Mochos.