Chinese philosophy

Chinese philosophy
Yin and Yang symbol with the bagua symbols paved in a clearing outside of Nanning City, Guangxi province, China
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese中國哲學
Simplified Chinese中国哲学
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó zhéxué
Bopomofoㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓㄜˊ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhJonggwo jershyue
Wade–GilesChung1-kuo2 che2-hsüeh2
Tongyong PinyinJhong-guó jhé-syué
IPA[ʈʂʊ́ŋ.kwǒ ʈʂɤ̌.ɕɥě]
Wu
RomanizationTson-kueʔ tseʔ-ghoʔ
Hakka
RomanizationZung1-get5 ziet5-hok6
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationJūng-gwok jit-hohk
Jyutpingzung1 gwok3 zit3 hok6
IPA[tsʊŋ˥ kʷɔk̚˧ tsit̚˧ hɔk̚˨]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJTiong-kok tiat-ha̍k
Vietnamese name
VietnameseTriết học Trung Quốc
Chữ Hán哲學中國
Korean name
Hangul중국 철학
Hanja中國哲學
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationJunggung cheolhak
Japanese name
Kanji中国哲学
Hiraganaちゅうごくてつがく
Katakanaチュウゴクテツガク
Transcriptions
RomanizationChūgoku tetsugaku
Kunrei-shikiTyûgoku tetugaku

Chinese philosophy originates in the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, during a period known as the "Hundred Schools of Thought",[1] which was characterized by significant intellectual and cultural developments.[1] Although much of Chinese philosophy begun in the Warring States period (475–221 BCE), elements of Chinese philosophy have existed for several thousand years. Some can be found in the I Ching (the Book of Changes), an ancient compendium of divination, which dates back to at least 672 BCE.[2]

The Han dynasty Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Tan looked back on the Warring States era and grouped the thinkers into the major philosophical schools, Confucianism, Legalism, and Taoism, along with philosophies that later fell into obscurity, like Agriculturalism, Mohism, Chinese Naturalism, and the Logicians.[3] Even in modern society, Confucianism is still the creed of social behaviour.[4]

  1. ^ a b Ebrey, Patricia (2010). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge University Press. p. 42.
  2. ^ page 60, Great Thinkers of the Eastern World, edited Ian McGreal Harper Collins 1995, ISBN 0-06-270085-5
  3. ^ McLeod, Alexus, "Philosophy in Han Dynasty China", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2022 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)
  4. ^ Lin, Liang-Hung; Ho, Yu-Ling (2009). "Confucian dynamism, culture and ethical changes in Chinese societies – a comparative study of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong". The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 20 (11): 2402–2417. doi:10.1080/09585190903239757. ISSN 0958-5192. S2CID 153789769.