Chinese philosophy

Chinese philosophy
Chinese philosophy
	Yin and Yang symbol with the bagua symbols paved in a clearing outside of Nanning City, Guangxi province, China
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	中國哲學
Simplified Chinese	中国哲学
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhōngguó zhéxué
Bopomofo	ㄓㄨㄥㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓㄜˊ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Jonggwo jershyue
Wade–Giles	Chung1-kuo2 che2-hsüeh2
Tongyong Pinyin	Jhong-guó jhé-syué
IPA	[ʈʂʊ́ŋ.kwǒ ʈʂɤ̌.ɕɥě]
Wu
Romanization	Tson-kueʔ tseʔ-ghoʔ
Hakka
Romanization	Zung1-get5 ziet5-hok6
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Jūng-gwok jit-hohk
Jyutping	zung1 gwok3 zit3 hok6
IPA	[tsʊŋ˥ kʷɔk̚˧ tsit̚˧ hɔk̚˨]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Tiong-kok tiat-ha̍k
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese	Triết học Trung Quốc
Chữ Hán	哲學中國
Korean name
Hangul	중국 철학
Hanja	中國哲學
Revised Romanization
Transcriptions
Revised Romanization	Junggung cheolhak
Japanese name
Kanji	中国哲学
Hiragana	ちゅうごくてつがく
Katakana	チュウゴクテツガク
Romanization
Transcriptions
Romanization	Chūgoku tetsugaku
Kunrei-shiki	Tyûgoku tetugaku

Chinese philosophy originates in the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, during a period known as the "Hundred Schools of Thought",^[1] which was characterized by significant intellectual and cultural developments.^[1] Although much of Chinese philosophy begun in the Warring States period (475–221 BCE), elements of Chinese philosophy have existed for several thousand years. Some can be found in the I Ching (the Book of Changes), an ancient compendium of divination, which dates back to at least 672 BCE.^[2]

The Han dynasty Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Tan looked back on the Warring States era and grouped the thinkers into the major philosophical schools, Confucianism, Legalism, and Taoism, along with philosophies that later fell into obscurity, like Agriculturalism, Mohism, Chinese Naturalism, and the Logicians.^[3] Even in modern society, Confucianism is still the creed of social behaviour.^[4]

^ ^a ^b Ebrey, Patricia (2010). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge University Press. p. 42.
^ page 60, Great Thinkers of the Eastern World, edited Ian McGreal Harper Collins 1995, ISBN 0-06-270085-5
^ McLeod, Alexus, "Philosophy in Han Dynasty China", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2022 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)
^ Lin, Liang-Hung; Ho, Yu-Ling (2009). "Confucian dynamism, culture and ethical changes in Chinese societies – a comparative study of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong". The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 20 (11): 2402–2417. doi:10.1080/09585190903239757. ISSN 0958-5192. S2CID 153789769.

[pe-1] Ebrey, Patricia (2010). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge University Press. p. 42.

[2] 60, Great Thinkers of the Eastern World, edited Ian McGreal Harper Collins 1995, ISBN 0-06-270085-5

[3] McLeod, Alexus, "Philosophy in Han Dynasty China", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2022 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)

[4] Lin, Liang-Hung; Ho, Yu-Ling (2009). "Confucian dynamism, culture and ethical changes in Chinese societies – a comparative study of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong". The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 20 (11): 2402–2417. doi:10.1080/09585190903239757. ISSN 0958-5192. S2CID 153789769.

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