Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme

CYP11A1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3NA1, 3N9Y, 3N9Z, 3NA0
Identifiers
Aliases	CYP11A1, CYP11A, CYPXIA1, P450SCC, cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1
External IDs	OMIM: 118485; MGI: 88582; HomoloGene: 37347; GeneCards: CYP11A1; OMA:CYP11A1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (human)
End	74,367,646 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 9 (mouse)
End	57,934,306 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right adrenal gland; ; right adrenal cortex; ; left adrenal gland; ; left adrenal cortex; ; placenta; ; right uterine tube; ; left ovary; ; medulla oblongata; ; right testis; ; left testis;
	Top expressed in
	adrenal gland; ; decidua; ; gastrula; ; Gonadal ridge; ; testicle; ; dermis; ; seminiferous tubule; ; spermatocyte; ; ovary; ; yolk sac;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	iron ion binding; metal ion binding; monooxygenase activity; heme binding; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen; oxidoreductase activity; cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity; protein binding;
Cellular component	membrane; mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrion; mitochondrial inner membrane;
Biological process	vitamin D metabolic process; C21-steroid hormone metabolic process; lipid metabolism; cholesterol metabolic process; C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process; sterol metabolic process; steroid biosynthetic process; steroid metabolic process; glucocorticoid biosynthetic process; cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus; cortisol metabolic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1583
	13070
	ENSG00000140459; ENSG00000288362
	ENSMUSG00000032323
	P05108
	Q9QZ82
	NM_001099773; NM_000781
	NM_019779; NM_001346787
	NP_000772; NP_001093243
	NP_001333716; NP_062753
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme is commonly referred to as P450scc, where "scc" is an abbreviation for side-chain cleavage. P450scc is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone. This is the first reaction in the process of steroidogenesis in all mammalian tissues that specialize in the production of various steroid hormones.^[5]

cholesterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H⁺ + 3 O₂ ⇄ pregnenolone + 4-methylpentanal + 3 NADP⁺ + 3 H₂O

P450scc is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes (family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1) and is encoded by the CYP11A1 gene.^[6]

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000288362 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000140459, ENSG00000288362 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032323 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Hanukoglu I (December 1992). "Steroidogenic enzymes: structure, function, and role in regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 43 (8): 779–804. doi:10.1016/0960-0760(92)90307-5. PMID 22217824. S2CID 112729.
^ "Entrez Gene: CYP11A1 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1".

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] ENSG00000288362 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000140459, ENSG00000288362 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032323 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid22217824-5] Hanukoglu I (December 1992). "Steroidogenic enzymes: structure, function, and role in regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 43 (8): 779–804. doi:10.1016/0960-0760(92)90307-5. PMID 22217824. S2CID 112729.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: CYP11A1 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1".

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