Chongqing Rail Transit

Chongqing Rail Transit
CRT Line 3 monorail train entering Huaxinjie station (2019)
CRT Line 3 monorail train entering Huaxinjie station (2019)
Overview
Native name重庆轨道交通
OwnerChongqing City Transportation Development & Investment (Group) Co., Ltd.
Area servedChongqing Urban Area
LocaleChongqing, China
Transit typeUrban rail transit in China Rapid transit
Urban rail transit in China Straddle-beam monorail metro
Number of lines11
Number of stations304
Daily ridership3.005 million (2021 avg)[1]
4.169 million (peak on 30 April 2021)[2]
Annual ridership1.097 billion (2021)[1]
Chief executiveLe Mei
Headquarters123 Renmin Rd., Yuzhong District, Chongqing
Websitehttp://www.cqmetro.cn
Operation
Began operation6 November 2004; 20 years ago (2004-11-06) (trial)
18 June 2005; 19 years ago (2005-06-18) (officially)
Operator(s)Chongqing Rail Transit (Group) Co., Ltd.
Number of vehicles274[3]
Headway2.5 min to 12 min[3]
Technical
System length523.68 km (325.40 mi)[a][4]
Urban rail transit in China 427.13 km (265.41 mi)
Urban rail transit in China 96.55 km (59.99 mi)
Track gaugeUrban rail transit in China 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
ElectrificationUrban rail transit in China Overhead line, 1,500 V DC/25 kV AC
Urban rail transit in China Third rail, 1,500 V DC
Average speedUrban rail transit in China 50 km/h (31 mph)
Urban rail transit in China 40 km/h (25 mph)[3]
Top speedUrban rail transit in China 100 km/h (62 mph)[b]
Urban rail transit in China 75 km/h (47 mph)
System map

Chongqing Rail Transit
Simplified Chinese重庆轨道交通
Traditional Chinese重慶軌道交通
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChóngqìng Guǐdào Jiāotōng
other Mandarin
Sichuanese PinyinCong2qin4 Gui3dao4 Jiao1tong1

The Chongqing Rail Transit (branded as CRT; also known as Chongqing Metro) is the rapid transit system in the city of Chongqing, China. In operation since 2005, it serves the transportation needs of the city's main business and entertainment downtown areas and inner suburbs. As of December 2023, CRT consisted of eleven lines, with a total track length of 523.68 km (325 mi).[4] Lines 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 18, the Loop line and Jiangtiao line are conventional heavy-rail metro lines, while Lines 2 and 3 are high-capacity monorails. To keep up with urban growth, construction is under way on Line 18 and several other lines, in addition to extensions to Lines 5, 6 and 10.

The Chongqing Rail Transit is a unique transit system in China because of the geography of Chongqing being a densely-populated but mountainous city, with multiple river valleys. Two lines use heavy-monorail technology, leveraging the ability to negotiate steep grades and tight curves and rapid transit capacity. They are capable of transporting 32,000 passengers per hour per direction.[5] However the busiest section of Line 3 reaches a peak passenger volume of 37,700 pphpd in 2019.[6] At 98 km (61 mi),[7] the system's two monorail lines form the longest monorail system in the world,[8] with the 56.1 km (34.9 mi) Line 3 being the world's longest single monorail line even if the 11.0 km (6.8 mi) Konggang branch is excluded.[9][10] The length and the capacity of its monorail network both also make it the world's busiest monorail system, with a total of 94 million and 250 million rides in 2015 on Line 2 and Line 3, respectively.[11] The latter ridership statistic for Line 3 also makes it the world's busiest single monorail line.

The extreme difference in elevation between the river valleys and the hilly plateaus of Chongqing pose a unique challenge in designing alignments for conventional rail transit lines. The network currently has the world's highest metro-only bridge, the Caijia Rail Transit Bridge for Line 6, spanning the Jialing River valley, with the bridge deck being approximately 100 m (328 ft) above the water.[12] Hongyancun station is the deepest metro station in China and the deepest metro station in the world with the station reaching 116 m (381 ft) below the surface,[13][14] surpassing the Kyiv Metro's Arsenalna station. Hongtudi station and Liyuchi station, both on Line 10, are the second and third deepest stations in China, being 94 m (308 ft)[15] and 76 m (249 ft)[16] below the surface respectively. Additionally, Hualongqiao station is a six story structure that has Line 9 trains stopping 48 meters above the surface,[17][18] making it the tallest metro station in the world, surpassing Smith–Ninth Streets station in New York.

The Chongqing Rail Transit system possesses a number of extremely-long metro-only bridges. The 1,650 m (5,413 ft) long Egongyan Rail Transit Bridge carries the southern arc of the Loop line across the Yangtze River using a 600 m (1,969 ft) long suspension main span, making it the longest metro-only suspension bridge by main span in the world.[19] The Nanjimen Bridge carries Line 10 trains across a 1,225 m (4,019 ft) cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 480 m (1,575 ft), making it the longest metro-only cable-stayed bridge by main span in the world.[20] The Gaojia Huayuan Jialing River Rail Transit Bridge carries the western arc of the Loop line over the Jialing River using a long 594 m (1,949 ft) bridge with a main span of 340 m (1,115 ft).[21] Additionally, Chongqing Rail Transit system has numerous double-deck bridges carrying vehicle and metro traffic, such as the Chaotianmen Bridge, which is the world's longest arch bridge.

  1. ^ a b "运送乘客237.1亿人次，新增运营里程1168公里…2021年城市轨道交通运营成绩单". 13 January 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  2. ^ 416.9万人次！重庆轨道交通单日客运量创历史新高. Sohu (in Chinese (China)). 1 May 2021. 重庆轨道交通单日客运量首次突破400万乘次，达到416.9万人次。
  3. ^ a b c 重庆市主城区交通发展年度报告2016 (in Chinese (China)). People's Government of Chongqing. 8 April 2017.
  4. ^ a b "Chongqing inaugurates two metro extensions". Archived from the original on 26 January 2023.
  5. ^ "China's First Urban Monorail System in Chongqing" (PDF). Hitachi Ltd. 2005.
  6. ^ "详情". www.camet.org.cn. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  7. ^ 重庆轨道交通3号线北延伸段开通迎客. China News (in Chinese (China)). 28 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  8. ^ 世界最长单轨线路 (in Chinese (China)). NetEase News. 12 October 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  9. ^ 3号线鱼洞～二塘段基本情况. Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  10. ^ "Sina Visitor System" 一不小心创造了又一个第一？. Sina Weibo (in Chinese (China)). Chongqing Rail Transit. 30 December 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  11. ^ 日本单轨协会副会长石川正和一行来渝考察重庆单轨发展情况. Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). 18 November 2016. Archived from the original on 2 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  12. ^ "CAIJIA RAIL TRANSIT BRIDGE". T.Y. Lin International Group. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  13. ^ "全国最深地铁站红岩村站主体开挖初支完成". 3 February 2022. Archived from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  14. ^ "重庆轨道9号线红岩村站将成为全国最深地铁站_央广网". cq.cnr.cn. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  15. ^ 重庆10号线红土地站刷新"全国最深地铁站"深度. Sina News. 29 December 2017. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  16. ^ Liu Chunyuan (刘春暖). 埋深达94米相当于31层楼高 "全国最深地铁站"下还有更深地铁站_社会新闻_大众网. Danzhong Web (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  17. ^ "关于轨道交通9号线一期，你想知道的，都在这儿啦！_重庆市人民政府网". www.cq.gov.cn. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  18. ^ "重庆9号线一期开通 化龙桥站再现"轨道穿楼"-中国科技网". www.stdaily.com. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  19. ^ 鵝公岩軌道橋高空"穿針引線" 創一世界之最. Xinhua (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 10 February 2018.
  20. ^ 南纪门长江轨道专用桥 - 公司概况 - 中铁大桥局集团第八工程有限公司 - 中国中铁成员企业. The 8th Engineering Co., Ltd., MBEC (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  21. ^ "高家花园轨道专用桥轨道铺设完工--重庆频道--人民网". cq.people.com.cn. Retrieved 30 November 2019.


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