Chota and Tanasi Cherokee Village Sites | |
&sq=&lang=&file=File:Chota-monument-monroe-tn1.jpg) Monument at the Chota site | |
| Location | Monroe County, Tennessee |
|---|---|
| Nearest city | Vonore |
| Coordinates | 35°33′18″N 84°7′52″W / 35.55500°N 84.13111°W |
| Built | c. 1600-1745 A.D. |
| NRHP reference No. | 73001813 |
| Added to NRHP | 1973 |
Chota (also spelled Chote, Echota, Itsati, and other similar variations) is a historic Overhill Cherokee town site in Monroe County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. Developing after nearby Tanasi, Chota (Cherokee: ᎢᏣᏘ, romanized: Itsati) was the most important of the Overhill towns from the late 1740s until 1788. It replaced Tanasi as the de facto capital, or 'mother town' of the Cherokee people.
A number of prominent Cherokee leaders were born or resided at Chota, among them Attakullakulla, Oconostota, Old Hop, Old Tassel, Hanging Maw, and Nancy Ward.[1][2]
The former Chota and Tanasi sites are listed together on the National Register of Historic Places; Tanasi also has an archaeological site designation (40MR62) assigned in 1972. Since 1979, both sites have been mostly submerged by the Tellico Lake impoundment of the Little Tennessee River. Archeological excavations were conducted before the dam was completed.
During the excavations, the site of the Chota townhouse was found. Major Cherokee towns were centered around a large townhouse or council house, the site of community meetings of hundreds of people. These were usually built on top of an existing platform mound in the center of the town. These earthworks had typically been built by ancestral peoples of the South Appalachian Mississippian or earlier cultures.
Prior to the flooding of Tellico Reservoir, the Chota townhouse site was raised above the reservoir's operating levels and connected via a causeway to the mainland. The Chota monument, situated directly above the ancient townhouse site, consists of eight pillars —one for each of the seven Cherokee clans, and one for the nation. The grave of Chief Oconostota, found in the 1969 excavations, was re-interred next to the monument. This site is now managed by the federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, based in Cherokee, North Carolina.
- ^ Gerald Schroedl, "Chota", The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2009. Retrieved: 11 February 2013.
- ^ David Ray Smith, "Nancy Ward", The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2009. Retrieved: 11 February 2013.