Claude Garamont (c. 1510–1561),[1] known commonly as Claude Garamond, was a French type designer, publisher and punch-cutter based in Paris.[2][3] Garamond worked as an engraver of punches, the masters used to stamp matrices, the moulds used to cast metal type. He worked in the tradition now called old-style serif design, which produced letters with a relatively organic structure resembling handwriting with a pen but with a slightly more structured and upright design. Considered one of the leading type designers of all time, he is recognised to this day for the elegance of his typefaces.[4] Many old-style serif typefaces are collectively known as Garamond, named after the designer.
Garamond was one of the first independent punchcutters, specialising in type design and punch-cutting as a service to others rather than working in house for a specific printer.[5] His career therefore helped to define the future of commercial printing with typefounding as a distinct industry to printing books.[6]
- ^ Lane, John A. (2005). "Claude Garamont and his Roman Types". Garamond Premier Pro: a contemporary adaptation; modelled on the roman types of Claude Garamond and the italic types of Robert Granjon. San Jose: Adobe Systems. pp. 5–13.
- ^ Bringhurst, Robert (2008). The Elements of Typographic Style. Vancouver, Canada: Hartley & Maks. p. 337. ISBN 978-0-88179-205-8.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
- ^ Haley, Allan (2 December 1986). "Claude Garamond". tipometar.org. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
- ^ Schlager, Neil (2000). Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance and Scientific Discovery. Detroit: Gale Group.
- ^ Steinberg, S.H. (1996). Five Hundred Years of Printing. The British Library and Oak Knoll Press. pp. 16, 75.