Clidastes

Clidastes
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, Coniacian-Campanian, 85–70 Ma [1]
Skeleton referred to C. liodontus (AMNH FR 192)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Clade: †Mosasauria
Family: †Mosasauridae
Subfamily: †Mosasaurinae
Genus: †Clidastes
Cope, 1868
Type species
†Clidastes propython
Cope, 1869
Species
  • C. iguanavus Cope, 1868 (former type species)
  • C. propython Cope, 1869

Clidastes is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. It is classified as part of the Mosasaurinae subfamily, alongside genera like Mosasaurus and Prognathodon. Clidastes is known from deposits ranging in age from the Coniacian to the early Campanian in the United States.

Clidastes means "locked vertebrae", which originates from the Greek noun κλειδί, or kleid meaning key (akin to Latin claudere meaning to shut). This refers to how the vertebral processes allow the proximal heads of the vertebrae to interlock for stability and strength during swimming.

It was one of the earliest hydropedal[note 1] mosasaurs, representing one of the first properly marine predatory forms alongside other early hydropedal genera like Tylosaurus and Platecarpus.[2] It was likely an agile swimmer that preyed upon cephalopods, fish and other small vertebrates in shallow water. Isotopic analysis on teeth specimens has suggested that this genus and Platecarpus may have entered freshwater occasionally, just like modern sea snakes.[3]

  1. ^ "Sehnde-Höver (Scholz collection) (Cretaceous of Germany)". PBDB.org.
  2. ^ "Rapid Evolution of Mosasaurs". oceansofkansas.com. Retrieved 2017-09-22.
  3. ^ Taylor, L.T.; Minzoni, R.T.; Suarez, C.A.; Gonzalez, L.A.; Martin, L.D.; Lambert, W.J.; Ehret, D.J.; Harrell, T.L. "Oxygen isotopes from the teeth of Cretaceous marine lizards reveal their migration and consumption of freshwater in the Western Interior Seaway, North America". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 573. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110406.


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