Clienteling is a technique used by retail sales associates to establish long-term relationships with key customers based on data about their preferences, behaviors and purchases.[1] Clienteling is intended to guide associates to provide more personal and informed customer service [2] that may influence customer behavior related to shopping frequency, lift in average transaction value, and other retail key performance indicators.[3] From the customer's perspective, clienteling "could add a layer of personal touch"[4] to the shopping experience.