Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /klɪndəˈmaɪsɪn/ |
Trade names | Cleocin, Clinacin, Dalacin, others |
Other names | 7-chloro-lincomycin 7-chloro-7-deoxylincomycin, DARE-BV1 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682399 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, topical, intravenous, intravaginal |
Drug class | Lincosamide antibiotic |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 90% (by mouth) 4–5% (topical) |
Protein binding | 95% |
Metabolism | Liver |
Elimination half-life | 2–3 hour |
Excretion | Bile duct and kidney (around 20%) |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.038.357 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C18H33ClN2O5S |
Molar mass | 424.98 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis.[5] It can also be used to treat acne,[5][6] and some cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).[7] In combination with quinine, it can be used to treat malaria.[5][6] It is available by mouth, by injection into a vein, and as a cream or a gel to be applied to the skin or in the vagina.[4][5][6][8][9]
Common side effects include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, and pain at the site of injection.[5] It increases the risk of hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile colitis about fourfold and thus is only recommended for use when other antibiotics are not appropriate.[10][5] It appears to be generally safe in pregnancy.[5] It is of the lincosamide class and works by blocking bacteria from making protein.[5]
Clindamycin was first made in 1966 from lincomycin.[11][12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13] It is available as a generic medication.[14][15] In 2022, it was the 147th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.[16][17]