Republic of Iraq (2003–2004) جمهورية العراق Jumhūriyyat al-ʽIrāq | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003–2004 | |||||||||
| Motto: "Security, Liberty, Equality, Justice" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Mawtini (de facto)[1][2] (English: "My Homeland")[2] "The Star-Spangled Banner" (de jure) | |||||||||
.svg) The CPA exercised its influence over Iraq. | |||||||||
| Status | Transitional government under United States military occupation | ||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Baghdad | ||||||||
| Common languages | Arabic Kurdish English (de facto) | ||||||||
| Government | Transitional government | ||||||||
| George W. Bush (2003-2004) | |||||||||
• American Administrator | Jay Garner (2003) Paul Bremer (2003-2004) | ||||||||
| Mohammed Bahr al-Uloum (2003, 2004) Ibrahim al-Jaafari (2003) Ahmed Chalabi (2003) Iyad Allawi (2003) Jalal Talabani (2003) Abdel-Aziz al-Hakim (2003) Adnan Pachachi (2004) Mohsen Abdel Hamid (2004) Massoud Barzani (2004) Ezzedine Salim (2004) Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer (2004) | |||||||||
| Legislature | Iraqi Governing Council | ||||||||
| Historical era | Iraq War | ||||||||
• Saddam Hussein and Ba'ath Party deposed | 21 April 2003 | ||||||||
• CPA established[3] | 16 May 2003 | ||||||||
| 23 October 2003 | |||||||||
| 28 June 2004 | |||||||||
| Currency | Iraqi dinar United States dollar (USD) | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | IQ | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Iraq | ||||||||
.svg)
 Seal of the CPA | |
| Abbreviation | CPA |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | Revolutionary Command Council of Ba'athist Iraq |
| Successor | Iraqi Interim Government of Iraq |
| Formation | 16 May 2003 |
| Type | Provisional authority |
| Purpose | Deliberative assembly deliberative democracy |
| Headquarters | Baghdad |
| Location | |
Official language | Arabic English |
American Administrator | Jay Garner (2003) Paul Bremer (2003-2004) |
American Deputy Administrator | Richard Jones |
| Mohammed Bahr al-Uloum (2003, 2004) Ibrahim al-Jaafari (2003) Ahmed Chalabi (2003) Iyad Allawi (2003) Jalal Talabani (2003) Abdel-Aziz al-Hakim (2003) Adnan Pachachi (2004) Mohsen Abdel Hamid (2004) Massoud Barzani (2004) Ezzedine Salim (2004) Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer (2004) | |
The Coalition Provisional Authority (Arabic: سلطة الائتلاف المؤقتة, romanized: Sultat Alaitilaf Almuaqata; Kurdish: دەسەڵاتی کاتی هاوپەیمانی, romanized: Desteya Demkî ya Hevbendiyê, abbr. CPA) was a transitional government of Iraq established following the invasion of the country on 19 March 2003 by U.S.-led Coalition forces. The invasion marked the fall of Ba'athist regime led by Saddam Hussein.
Citing United Nations Security Council Resolution 1483 (2003) and the laws of war, the CPA was established in May 2003 and vested itself with executive, legislative, and judiciary authority over the Iraqi government from the period of the CPA's inception on 21 April 2003 until its dissolution on 28 June 2004.
The CPA was admonished for its mismanagement of funds allocated to the reconstruction of post-invasion Iraq, with over $8 billion of these unaccounted for,[4][5][6] including over $1.6 billion in cash that emerged in a basement in Lebanon.[7]
- ^ Wetzel, Dan (24 August 2004). "One last chance". Yahoo! Sports. Yahoo!. Archived from the original on 4 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
The song is 'My Country.' It is relatively short, contains no words and was composed by a man named Lewis Zanbaka...
- ^ a b Schaffer, Edward; Scotland, Jan; Popp, Reinhard (2017). "Iraq (1958-1965, 2003-2004)". National Anthems. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
Immediately after the fall of the Sadam Hussein government in 2003, 'My Country' was used again for a brief time as an interim anthem until a new one was adopted. (The title of this anthem is identical to the title of the anthem that replaced it in 2004).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). iraqcoalition.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2004. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "So, Mr Bremer, where did all the money go?". TheGuardian.com. 6 July 2005.
- ^ "Stuart Bowen". 30 November 2006.
- ^ Ackerman, Spencer (6 March 2013). "Over $8B of the Money You Spent Rebuilding Iraq Was Wasted Outright". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
- ^ Carroll, Rory (12 October 2014). "Billions set aside for post-Saddam Iraq turned up in Lebanese bunker". the Guardian. Retrieved 27 October 2021.