Cockchafer

For other uses, see Cockchafer (disambiguation).

Common cockchafer
Female
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Scarabaeidae
Genus: Melolontha
Species:
M. melolontha
Binomial name
Melolontha melolontha
Linnaeus, 1758

The common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha), also colloquially known as the Maybug,[1][a] Maybeetle,[3] or doodlebug,[4] is a species of scarab beetle belonging to the genus Melolontha. It is native to Europe, and it is one of several closely-related and morphologically similar species of Melolontha called cockchafers, alongside Melolontha hippocastani (the forest cockchafer).

The adults and larvae feed on plants, and are regarded as serious agricultural pests of crops such as grasses and fruit trees. Adults have harmful effects for the crop when they aggregate in large groups. The larvae can cause severe damage and kill the plant by gnawing the plant roots.[5] The cockchafer develops via metamorphosis, in which the beetle undergoes stages of egg, larvae, pupae and adults.

The mating behaviour is controlled by pheromones. The males usually swarm during the mating season while the females stay put and feed on leaves.[6] The leaves release green leaf volatiles when they are fed on by females, which the male can sense and thus locate the female for mating opportunity.[7][8] The larvae use both the plant volatiles and CO2 to locate the plant root for food.[9]

The number of cockchafers increased over the past few years due to the decrease in pesticide usage. Soil tilling can be used to remove larvae hatching.[10] Entomopathogenic fungi[11] and nematodes[10] can effectively remove beetles at the larval stage.

  1. ^ a b "Common Cockchafer". Bug Life.
  2. ^ Marren, Peter; Mabey, Richard (2010). Bugs Britannica. Chatto & Windus. ISBN 978-0-7011-8180-2.
  3. ^ "Cockchafer | insect". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  4. ^ "7 things you never knew about the cockchafer". Discover Wildlife. 8 April 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
  5. ^ Fraval, A. (1998). "HYPP Zoology".
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference :9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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