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Collectivist anarchism,[1] also called anarchist collectivism[2] and anarcho-collectivism,[3] is an anarchist school of thought that advocates the abolition of both the state and private ownership of the means of production. In their place, it envisions both the collective ownership of the means of production and the entitlement of workers to the fruits of their own labour,[4] which would be ensured by a societal pact between individuals and collectives.[5] Collectivists considered trade unions to be the means through which to bring about collectivism through a social revolution, where they would form the nucleus for a post-capitalist society.[6]
The tendency was initially conceived as a synthesis of social equality and liberty, by the Russian revolutionary socialist Mikhail Bakunin.[7] It is commonly associated with the anti-authoritarian sections of the International Workingmen's Association and the early Spanish anarchist movement, with whom it continued to hold a strong influence until the end of the 19th century. Eventually, it was supplanted as the dominant tendency of anarchism by anarcho-communism, which advocated for the abolition of wages and the distribution of resources "from each according to their ability, to each according to their needs".
- ^ Avrich, Paul (1995) [2005]. Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America. AK Press. p. 3. "All in all a wide range of views is represented: individualist anarchism, mutualist anarchism, collectivist anarchism, communist anarchism, and syndicalist anarchism, to mention only the most conspicuous." ISBN 978-1904859277.
- ^ Kropotkin, Peter. (1905) [1987]. Anarchism and Anarchist Communism. Freedom Press. p. 19.
- ^ Buckley, A. M. (2011). Anarchism. Essential Library. p. 97. "Collectivist anarchism, also called anarcho-collectivism, arose after mutualism." ISBN 978-1617147883.
- ^ Esenwein 1989, pp. 104–105; Martin 1990, pp. 75–76.
- ^ Esenwein 1989, pp. 104–105.
- ^ Esenwein 1989, p. 106.
- ^ Morris 1993, p. 115.