Consistent and inconsistent equations

In mathematics and particularly in algebra, a system of equations (either linear or nonlinear) is called consistent if there is at least one set of values for the unknowns that satisfies each equation in the system—that is, when substituted into each of the equations, they make each equation hold true as an identity. In contrast, a linear or non linear equation system is called inconsistent if there is no set of values for the unknowns that satisfies all of the equations.^[1][2]

If a system of equations is inconsistent, then the equations cannot be true together leading to contradictory information, such as the false statements 2 = 1, or ${\displaystyle x^{3}+y^{3}=5}$ and ${\displaystyle x^{3}+y^{3}=6}$ (which implies 5 = 6).

Both types of equation system, inconsistent and consistent, can be any of overdetermined (having more equations than unknowns), underdetermined (having fewer equations than unknowns), or exactly determined.