Constitution of Arkansas

Constitution of Arkansas
Overview
JurisdictionState of Arkansas
CreatedSeptember 7, 1874
PresentedSeptember 13, 1874
RatifiedOctober 30, 1874
Date effectiveNovember 10, 1874
Government structure
Branches3
ChambersBicameral
ExecutiveGovernor
JudiciarySupreme, Appeals, Circuits, Districts
History
First legislatureNovember 10, 1874
First executiveNovember 12, 1874
Amendments102
Last amendedNovember 3, 2020
LocationArkansas State Archives
Commissioned byArkansas General Assembly
Author(s)Little Rock Convention
Supersedes1868 Constitution of Arkansas
Full text
Arkansas Constitution of 1874 at Wikisource

The Constitution of Arkansas is the primary organizing law for the U.S. state of Arkansas delineating the duties, powers, structures, and functions of the state government. Arkansas' original constitution was adopted at a constitutional convention held at Little Rock in advance of the territory's admission to the Union in 1836. In 1861 a constitution was adopted with succession. After the American Civil War its 1864 constitution was drafted.[1] An 1868 constitution was passed to comply with the Reconstruction acts. The current constitution was ratified in 1874 following the Brooks–Baxter War.

The Brooks–Baxter War and passage of the new constitution are considered to mark the end of Reconstruction in Arkansas. This was two years before the disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election and national compromise that resulted in the Republican government withdrawing federal troops from the South. The state has passed numerous amendments to the 1874 Constitution – 102 as of 2020.[2]

By gaining passage of the Election Law of 1891 and a poll tax amendment in the general election of 1892, the Democratic Party consolidated its control of state politics over Republicans and a farmer-labor coalition; effectively disenfranchising most African Americans. By 1895 there were none in the state house; their exclusion from politics lasted for decades deep into the 20th century.[3]

  1. ^ Sandels, Leonidas Polk (January 22, 1894). "A Digest of the Statutes of Arkansas: Embracing All Laws of a General Nature in Force at the Close of the Session of the General Assembly of One Thousand Eight Hundred and Ninety-three".
  2. ^ Ark. Const. amend. CII.
  3. ^ Branam, Chris M. “Another Look at Disfranchisement in Arkansas, 1888–1894”, Arkansas Historical Quarterly 69 (Autumn 2010): 245–262, via JSTOR