Constitution of Arkansas

Constitution of Arkansas
Overview
Jurisdiction	State of Arkansas
Created	September 7, 1874
Presented	September 13, 1874
Ratified	October 30, 1874
Date effective	November 10, 1874
Government structure
Branches	3
Chambers	Bicameral
Executive	Governor
Judiciary	Supreme, Appeals, Circuits, Districts
History
First legislature	November 10, 1874
First executive	November 12, 1874
Amendments	102
Last amended	November 3, 2020
Location	Arkansas State Archives
Commissioned by	Arkansas General Assembly
Author(s)	Little Rock Convention
Supersedes	1868 Constitution of Arkansas
Full text
Arkansas Constitution of 1874 at Wikisource

The Constitution of Arkansas is the primary organizing law for the U.S. state of Arkansas delineating the duties, powers, structures, and functions of the state government. Arkansas' original constitution was adopted at a constitutional convention held at Little Rock in advance of the territory's admission to the Union in 1836. In 1861 a constitution was adopted with succession. After the American Civil War its 1864 constitution was drafted.^[1] An 1868 constitution was passed to comply with the Reconstruction acts. The current constitution was ratified in 1874 following the Brooks–Baxter War.

The Brooks–Baxter War and passage of the new constitution are considered to mark the end of Reconstruction in Arkansas. This was two years before the disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election and national compromise that resulted in the Republican government withdrawing federal troops from the South. The state has passed numerous amendments to the 1874 Constitution – 102 as of 2020.^[2]

By gaining passage of the Election Law of 1891 and a poll tax amendment in the general election of 1892, the Democratic Party consolidated its control of state politics over Republicans and a farmer-labor coalition; effectively disenfranchising most African Americans. By 1895 there were none in the state house; their exclusion from politics lasted for decades deep into the 20th century.^[3]