County of Apulia and Calabria

County of Apulia and Calabria Comitatus Apuliae et Calabriae (Latin) Duchy of Apulia and Calabria Ducatus Apuliae et Calabriae
1043–1130
Motto: Servire Nescit (Latin)
The Duchy (in green) in the political context of Italy and the Balkans in 1084.
Status	Vassal state of the Papacy
Capital	Melfi (1043–1077) Salerno (1077–1130)
Common languages	Old Norman Italian Latin Greek
Religion	Roman Catholicism Greek Orthodoxy
Demonym(s)	Normans (generally), Lombards, Apulians, Calabrians
Government	Feudal monarchy
Count/Duke
• 1043–1046	William I
• 1059–1085	Robert I
• 1085–1111	Roger Borsa
• 1111–1127	William II
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Lombard lords elect William of Hauteville as Count	1043
• Emperor Henry III recognizes the County	1047
• Battle of Civitate; Pope Leo IX recognizes the County	1053
• Treaty of Melfi; the County becomes a Duchy	1059
• Norman conquest of Salerno	1076
• Death of the childless William II	1127
• Coronation of Roger; Duchy annexed to Sicily	1130
Currency	Follis (common)
Preceded by Succeeded by Catepanate of Italy Principality of Salerno Duchy of Benevento Emirate of Sicily Kingdom of Sicily Principality of Taranto
Today part of	Italy

The County of Apulia and Calabria (Latin: Comitatus Apuliae et Calabriae), later the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria (Latin: Ducatus Apuliae et Calabriae), was a Norman state founded by William of Hauteville in 1043, composed of the territories of Gargano, Capitanata, Apulia, Vulture, and most of Campania. It became a duchy when Robert Guiscard was raised to the rank of duke by Pope Nicholas II in 1059.

The duchy was disestablished in 1130, when the last duke of Apulia and Calabria, Roger II, became King of Sicily. The title of duke was thereafter used intermittently as a title for the heir apparent to the Kingdom of Sicily.