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| Coxiella | |
|---|---|
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| |
| Coxiella burnetii | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Legionellales |
| Family: | Coxiellaceae |
| Genus: | Coxiella (Philip 1943) Philip 1948[1] |
| Type species | |
| Coxiella burnetii[1] | |
| Species | |
Coxiella refers to a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae. It is named after Herald Rea Cox (1907–1986), an American bacteriologist. It is one of the Gammaproteobacteria.[2]
Coxiella burnetii is the best known member of this genus. It is an intracellular parasite and it survives within the phagolysosomes of its host. It causes Q fever.
The majority of Coxiella’s described members are non pathogenic forms which are often found in ticks.[3] Approximately two-thirds of tick species harbour Coxiella-like endosymbionts required for tick survival and reproduction. Genomes of Coxiella-like endosymbionts encode pathways for the biosynthesis of major B vitamins and co-factors that fit closely with the expected nutritional complements required for strict haematophagy.[4] The experimental elimination of Coxiella-like endosymbionts typically results in decreased tick survival, molting, fecundity and egg viability, as well as in physical abnormalities.[4] Coxiella-like endosymbionts are often misidentified as Coxiella burnetii; however, Coxiella-like endosymbionts lack virulence genes and cannot infect humans.[5]
- ^ a b Parte, A.C. "Coxiella". LPSN.
- ^ Coxiella at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ Duron, Olivier; Doublet, Patricia; Vavre, Fabrice; Bouchon, Didier (2018-12-01). "The Importance of Revisiting Legionellales Diversity". Trends in Parasitology. 34 (12): 1027–1037. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2018.09.008. ISSN 1471-4922. PMID 30322750. S2CID 53502174.
- ^ a b Duron, Olivier; Gottlieb, Yuval (2020-10-01). "Convergence of Nutritional Symbioses in Obligate Blood Feeders". Trends in Parasitology. 36 (10): 816–825. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2020.07.007. ISSN 1471-4922. PMID 32811753. S2CID 221181791.
- ^ Buysse, Marie; Duron, Olivier (2021-04-29). "Evidence that microbes identified as tick-borne pathogens are nutritional endosymbionts". Cell. 184 (9): 2259–2260. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.053. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 33930290. S2CID 233471930.