Craniofacial abnormality

"Orafacial abnormality" redirects here. For other orofacial abnormalities, see Mouth disease.
Craniofacial abnormality
Human skull
SpecialtyMedical genetics Edit this on Wikidata

Craniofacial abnormalities are congenital musculoskeletal disorders which primarily affect the cranium and facial bones.[1]

They are associated with the development of the pharyngeal arches.[2] Approximately, 5% of the UK or USA population present with dentofacial deformities requiring Orthognathic surgery, jaw surgery, and Orthodontics, brace therapy, as a part of their definitive treatment.[3][4][5]

  1. ^ "WHO – Craniofacial abnormalities". Archived from the original on August 23, 2004.
  2. ^ "Craniofacial Abnormalities: Congenital Craniofacial and Musculoskeletal Abnormalities: Merck Manual Professional".
  3. ^ Posnick, Jeffrey C. (September 2013). Orthognatic Surgery: Principles and Practice. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 61–68. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-2698-1.00003-4. ISBN 978-145572698-1.
  4. ^ Harrington C, Gallagher JR, Borzabadi-Farahani A (2015). "A retrospective analysis of dentofacial deformities and orthognathic surgeries using the index of orthognathic functional treatment needs (IOFTN)". Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 79 (7): 1063–6. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.04.027. PMID 25957779.
  5. ^ Borzabadi-Farahani A, Eslamipour F, Shahmoradi M (2016). "Functional needs of subjects with dentofacial deformities: A study using the index of orthognathic functional treatment need (IOFTN)". J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 69 (6): 796–801. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2016.03.008. PMID 27068664.