Crimean Tatar language

Not to be confused with Tatar language.
Crimean Tatar
Crimean
qırımtatar tili, къырымтатар тили, قریم تاتار تلی
qırım tili, къырым тили, قریم تلی
Crimean Tatar in Latin, Cyrillic, and Perso-Arabic scripts.
Native toUkraine, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Romania, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus
RegionEastern Europe
EthnicityCrimean Tatars
Native speakers
60,000 (2020)[1]
Turkic
Dialects
  • Northern
  • Central
  • Southern
  • † Northeastern
Crimean Tatar alphabet (Latin and Cyrillic; previously Arabic)
Official status
Official language in
Republic of Crimea[a][2] (Russia)
Autonomous Republic of Crimea[a][3] (Ukraine)
Recognised minority
language in
Language codes
ISO 639-2crh
ISO 639-3crh
Glottologcrim1257
ELPCrimean Tatar
Crimean Tatar-speaking world
Crimean Tatar is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
[6]
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
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Crimean Tatars
"Tamga" symbol of the Crimean Tatar Gerae family
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"Welcome to Crimea" (Qırımğa hoş keldiñiz!) written in Crimean Tatar Cyrillic, airport bus, Simferopol International Airport
Crimean Tatar Latin script on a plate in Bakhchysarai in 2009, along with Ukrainian
Crimean Tatar Latin script sign in Saky Raion in 2021, along with Russian and Ukrainian
An example of Crimean Tatar Arabic script

Crimean Tatar (qırımtatar tili, къырымтатар тили, قریم تاتار تلی), also called Crimean (qırım tili, къырым тили, قریم تلی),[1] is a Kipchak Turkic language spoken in Crimea and the Crimean Tatar diasporas of Uzbekistan, Turkey and Bulgaria, as well as small communities in the United States and Canada. It should not be confused with Tatar, spoken in Tatarstan and adjacent regions in Russia; the two languages are related, but belong to different subgroups of the Kipchak languages, while maintaining a significant degree of mutual intelligibility. Crimean Tatar has been extensively influenced by nearby Oghuz dialects and is also mutually intelligible with them to varying degrees.

A long-term ban on the study of the Crimean Tatar language following the deportation of the Crimean Tatars by the Soviet government has led to the fact that at the moment UNESCO ranked the Crimean Tatar language among the languages under serious threat of extinction (severely endangered).[7][8] However, according to the Institute of Oriental Studies, due to negative situations, the real degree of threat has elevated to critically endangered languages in recent years, which are highly likely to face extinction in the coming generations.[9]

Crimean language is one of the official languages of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea[10][11][a] (Ukraine), along with Ukrainian and Russian. It is also one of the state languages of the Republic of Crimea (Russian occupation, considered "temporarily occupied territories" by the Ukrainian government), the other ones being Ukrainian and Russian.[12][13][a]

  1. ^ a b Crimean Tatar at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. ^ "Глава 1. ОСНОВЫ КОНСТИТУЦИОННОГО СТРОЯ | Конституция Республики Крым 2014". Archived from the original on 31 March 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  3. ^ "To which languages does the Charter apply?". European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Council of Europe. p. 2. Archived from the original on 2013-12-27. Retrieved 2014-04-03.
  4. ^ "Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No.148 – European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages". Council of Europe. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  5. ^ "Про затвердження переліку мов національних меншин (спільнот) та корінних народів України, яким загрожує зникнення". Official webportal of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 7 June 2024.
  6. ^ "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  7. ^ "World Atlas of Languages - Crimean Tatar".
  8. ^ "National Corpus of the Crimean Tatar Language | Фонд Східна Європа". East Europe Foundation. 2023-12-21. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
  9. ^ "The Crimean Tatar language belongs to the languages that are under serious threat". Представництво Президента України в Автономній Республіці Крим. Archived from the original on June 1, 2023. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
  10. ^ Verkhovna Rada of Crimea. "Constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea". pp. Section 1, Article 10. Retrieved 19 December 2022. In the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, along with the official language, the application and development, use and protection of Russian, Crimean Tatar and other ethnic groups' languages shall be secured.
  11. ^ "To which languages does the Charter apply?". European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Council of Europe. p. 2. Archived from the original on 2013-12-27. Retrieved 2014-04-03.
  12. ^ "Глава 1. ОСНОВЫ КОНСТИТУЦИОННОГО СТРОЯ | Конституция Республики Крым 2014". Archived from the original on 31 March 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  13. ^ "Activist: Ukrainian, Crimean-Tatar Language Learning Being Squeezed In Crimea". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 2020-01-02. Retrieved 2024-04-09.


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