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The ideas and practices of the leaders, preachers, and movements of the Islamic revival movement known as Islamism (also referred to as Political Islam) have been criticized by non-Muslims and Muslims (often Islamic modernists and liberals).
Among those authors, scholars and leaders who have criticized Islamism, or some element of it, are Maajid Nawaz, Reza Aslan,[1] Abdelwahab Meddeb,[2] Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi,[3] Khaled Abu al-Fadl,[4] Gilles Kepel,[5] Matthias Küntzel,[6] Joseph E. B. Lumbard, Olivier Roy,[7] and Indonesian Islamic group Nahdlatul Ulama.[8]
Tenets of the Islamist movement that have come under criticism include: restrictions on freedom of expression to prevent apostasy from and insults to Islam;[9] that Islam is not only a religion but a governing system;[10] that historical Sharia, or Islamic law, is one, universal system of law, accessible to humanity, and necessary to enforcement for Islam to be truly practiced.[11]
- ^ Aslan, Reza, No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam, Random House, 2005. ISBN 1400062136
- ^ Meddeb, Abelwahab (2003). The Malady of Islam. Basic Books
- ^ Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn ed., Against Islamic Extremism: The Writings of Muhammad Sa'id al-Ashmawy, Gainesville: University Press of Florida, (1998)
- ^ Abou El Fadl, Great Theft, 2005
- ^ Kepel, Jihad, 2002
- ^ "Jihad and Jew Hatred." Voices on Antisemitism. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 17 July 2008. Web. 19 August 2013. Transcript.
- ^ Roy, Failure of Political Islam, 1994
- ^ Said Ali, As'ad (25 March 2015). "The Role of Nahdlatul Ulama in Combating (Islamic) Radicalism (in Indonesian)"..
- ^ Fuller, The Future of Political Islam, 2003: p. 39
- ^ Halliday, 100 Myths, 2005: p. 85
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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