| Cupan | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | southern California |
| Linguistic classification | Uto-Aztecan |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | cupa1239 |
 Historical extent of Cupan languages | |
The Cupan languages are a branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family that comprises Cupeño, Ivilyuat (Cahuilla), Luiseño-Juaneño, and perhaps Nicoleño[1], all historically spoken in southern California.
The branch had long been considered to be part of the Takic subgroup, but there is doubt about the validity of Takic as a genetic unit, the similarities between the languages classed as Takic possibly being due primarily to borrowing.[2][3]
- ^ Munro, Pamela (2000). "Takic Foundations of Nicoleño Vocabulary" (PDF). Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium. Fifth California Islands Symposium. Santa Barbara: US Department of the Interior. pp. 659–668.
- ^ Shaul, D. L. (2014). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages. UNM Press.
- ^ Hill, J. H. (2011). "Subgrouping in Uto-Aztecan". Language Dynamics and Change, 1(2), 241-278.