Cyclone Eloise

For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Eloise.

Tropical Cyclone Eloise
Eloise nearing landfall in Mozambique at peak intensity on 22 January 2021
Meteorological history
Formed15 January 2021
Remnant low26 January 2021
Dissipated27 January 2021
Tropical cyclone
10-minute sustained (MFR)
Highest winds150 km/h (90 mph)
Highest gusts215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure967 hPa (mbar); 28.56 inHg
Category 2-equivalent tropical cyclone
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds165 km/h (105 mph)
Lowest pressure968 hPa (mbar); 28.59 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities27
Missing11
Damage>$10 million (2021 USD)
Areas affectedMadagascar, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini
IBTrACSEdit this at Wikidata / [1]
Part of the 2020–21 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season

Tropical Cyclone Eloise was the strongest tropical cyclone to impact the country of Mozambique since Cyclone Kenneth in 2019 and the second of three consecutive tropical cyclones to impact Mozambique in the 2020–21 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. The seventh tropical depression, fifth named storm and the second tropical cyclone of the season, Eloise's origins can be traced to a disturbance over the central portion of the South-West Indian Ocean basin which developed into a tropical depression on 16 January, and strengthened into a tropical storm on 17 January, though the storm had limited strength and organization. On the next day, the storm entered a more favorable environment, and it soon intensified to a severe tropical storm on 18 January. Late on 19 January, Eloise made landfall in northern Madagascar as a moderate tropical storm, bringing with it heavy rainfall and flooding. The storm traversed Madagascar and entered the Mozambique Channel in the early hours of 21 January. After moving southwestward across the Mozambique Channel for an additional 2 days, Eloise strengthened into a Category 1-equivalent cyclone, due to low wind shear and high sea surface temperatures. Early on 23 January, Eloise peaked as a Category 2-equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale as the center of the storm began to move ashore in Mozambique. Shortly afterward, Eloise made landfall just north of Beira, Mozambique, before rapidly weakening. Subsequently, Eloise weakened into a remnant low over land on 25 January, dissipating soon afterward.

Preparations for the advancing storm took place in Madagascar before Eloise's landfall and in multiple other African countries. For Madagascar, widespread warnings and alerts were issued as the storm approached northern Madagascar. For Mozambique, high alerts were put in place for central portions of the country. Humanitarian responders prepared for response after the storms passing. Beira's port also closed for about 40 hours, and limited supplies of emergency non-food items were given. Many families were sheltered in tents at accommodation centers, and received kits for food, hygiene, and COVID-19 protection. Officials in Zimbabwe warned of ravine and flash flooding, which may cause infrastructure damage. Several northern provinces of South Africa were expected to experience heavy rains, which prompted severe risk warnings for them. Disaster management teams were placed on high alert ahead of the storm.

Extreme flooding occurred throughout central Mozambique, with many areas being flooded due to continuous heavy rains weeks prior to Eloise's landfall. More than 100,000 people have been displaced and dams are at a tipping point. Infrastructure has taken a heavy hit. Approximately 100,000 people were evacuated by 23 January, although the number is expected to grow to 400,000. Flooding and damage have been less than feared.[2] Weak shelters set up for the cyclone were either damaged or destroyed. Beira was completely flooded, and the impacts were comparable to those of Cyclone Idai, though they were far less severe. Farmland was damaged as well. Teams were sent out to assess the damage and repair it. There have been 27 confirmed deaths, with one in Madagascar, 11 in Mozambique, three in Zimbabwe, 10 in South Africa, and two in Eswatini.[3][4][5][6][7][8] Eleven additional people are currently missing.[8][9][6][10] Current damage from the storm is estimated to exceed $10 million (2021 USD) in Southern Africa.[11]

  1. ^ "ELOISE : 2021-01-14 TO 2021-01-27". Météo-France La Réunion. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  2. ^ "Cyclone weakens in central Mozambique, but flooding a threat". AP News. 23 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  3. ^ Kirthana Pillay; Emma Rumney (25 January 2021). "Thirteen dead, thousands homeless in southern Africa after storm Eloise". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  4. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Eloise: Several dead as storm sweeps Africa's east coast". DW. 23 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference 3 dead in Zimbabwe was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b Coetzer, Marizka (27 January 2021). "Cyclone Eloise: Death toll in SA rises to four". The Citizen. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
  7. ^ "Southern Africa – Tropical Cyclone Eloise Flash Update No. 11, As of 28 January 2021 - Mozambique". ReliefWeb. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  8. ^ a b "Limpopo floods: More than 10 drown, seven missing". Big News Network.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  9. ^ "Southern Africa – Tropical Cyclone Eloise Flash Update No. 9, As of 26 January 2021 - Mozambique". ReliefWeb. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  10. ^ "Global Catastrophe Recap 2021" (PDF). AON Benfield. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  11. ^ "Global Catastrophe Recap – January 2021" (PDF). Aon Benfield. 9 February 2021. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2021.