Cyprinodon

Cyprinodon
Cyprinodon radiosus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Family: Cyprinodontidae
Subfamily: Cyprinodontinae
Genus: Cyprinodon
Lacépède, 1803
Type species
Cyprinodon variegatus
Lacépède, 1803
Synonyms
  • Encrates Gistel, 1848
  • Lebia Oken, 1817
  • Prinodon Rafinesque, 1815
  • Trifarcius Poey, 1860

Cyprinodon is a genus of pupfishes found in waters that range from fresh to hypersaline. The genus is primarily found in Mexico, the Caribbean Islands and southern United States (Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas), but C. variegatus occurs as far north as Massachusetts and along the entire Gulf of Mexico coastline, and C. dearborni and C. variegatus are found in northern South America.[1][2] Many species have tiny ranges and are highly threatened, in some cases already extinct.[2][3][4] Cyprinodon are small; the largest reaches 10 cm (3.9 in) in length and most other species only reach about half that size.[1]

  1. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Cyprinodon". FishBase. October 2018 version.
  2. ^ a b Martin, C. H., and P. C. Wainwright (2013). Multiple Fitness Peaks on the Adaptive Landscape Drive Adaptive Radiation in the Wild. Science 339(6116): 208-211.
  3. ^ Contreras-Balderas, S.; L. Lozano-Vilano (1996). "Extinction of most Sandia and Potosí valleys (Nuevo León, Mexico) endemic pupfishes, crayfishes and snails". Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 7 (1): 33–40.
  4. ^ Martin, Christopher H.; Crawford, Jacob E.; Turner, Bruce J.; Simons, Lee H. (2016-01-27). "Diabolical survival in Death Valley: recent pupfish colonization, gene flow and genetic assimilation in the smallest species range on earth". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 283 (1823): 20152334. doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.2334. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 4795021. PMID 26817777.