DNA end resection

DNA end resection, also called 5′–3′ degradation, is a biochemical process where the blunt end of a section of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is modified by cutting away some nucleotides from the 5' end to produce a 3' single-stranded sequence.[1][2] The presence of a section of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) allows the broken end of the DNA to line up accurately with a matching sequence, so that it can be accurately repaired.[1]

Mechanism of regulation of 5' resection of Mitotic and Telomeric DSBs.[3]

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) can occur at any phase of the cell cycle causing DNA end resection and repair activities to take place, but they are also normal intermediates in mitosis recombination.[3] Furthermore, the natural ends of the linear chromosomes resemble DSBs, and although DNA breaks can cause damage to the integrity of genomic DNA, the natural ends are packed into complex specialized DNA protective packages called telomeres that prevent DNA repair activities.[3][4] Telomeres and mitotic DSBs have different functionality, but both experience the same 5′–3′ degradation process.

  1. ^ a b Jimeno S, Mejías-Navarro F, Prados-Carvajal R, Huertas P (2019). "Controlling the balance between chromosome break repair pathways". Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology. 115. Elsevier: 95–134. doi:10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.10.004. ISBN 9780128155592. PMID 30798939. S2CID 73459973.
  2. ^ Liu T, Huang J (June 2016). "DNA End Resection: Facts and Mechanisms". Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics. 14 (3): 126–130. doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2016.05.002. PMC 4936662. PMID 27240470.
  3. ^ a b c Longhese MP, Bonetti D, Manfrini N, Clerici M (September 2010). "Mechanisms and regulation of DNA end resection". The EMBO Journal. 29 (17): 2864–2874. doi:10.1038/emboj.2010.165. PMC 2944052. PMID 20647996.
  4. ^ Mimitou EP, Symington LS (September 2009). "DNA end resection: many nucleases make light work". DNA Repair. 8 (9): 983–995. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.04.017. PMC 2760233. PMID 19473888.