A DNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that transfects a specific antigen-coding DNA sequence into the cells of an organism as a mechanism to induce an immune response.[1][2]
DNA vaccines work by injecting genetically engineered plasmid containing the DNA sequence encoding the antigen(s) against which an immune response is sought, so the cells directly produce the antigen, thus causing a protective immunological response.[3] DNA vaccines have theoretical advantages over conventional vaccines, including the "ability to induce a wider range of types of immune response".[4] Several DNA vaccines have been tested for veterinary use.[3] In some cases, protection from disease in animals has been obtained, in others not.[3] Research is ongoing over the approach for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases in humans, as well as for cancers.[4] In August 2021, Indian authorities gave emergency approval to ZyCoV-D. Developed by Cadila Healthcare, it is the first DNA vaccine approved for humans.[5]
- ^ Henrique Roman Ramos and Paulo Lee Ho. "Developing Snake Antivenom Sera by Genetic Immunization: A Review". Clinical Toxinology in Asia Pacific and Africa. 2: 401–414.
- ^ Liu S, Wang S, Lu S (April 2016). "DNA immunization as a technology platform for monoclonal antibody induction". Emerging Microbes & Infections. 5 (4): e33. doi:10.1038/emi.2016.27. PMC 4855071. PMID 27048742.
- ^ a b Khan KH (March 2013). "DNA vaccines: roles against diseases". Germs. 3 (1): 26–35. doi:10.11599/germs.2013.1034. PMC 3882840. PMID 24432284.
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