D (video game)

D
North American 3DO cover art
Developer(s)Warp
Publisher(s)Panasonic
Acclaim (SAT, PS, MS-DOS)
Director(s)Kenji Eno
Platform(s)3DO, Sega Saturn, PlayStation, MS-DOS
Release
April 1995
  • 3DO
    • JP: April 1995
    • NA: 1995
    Director's Cut
    • JP: January 1996
    Sega Saturn
    PlayStation
    • JP: December 1995
    • NA: March 5, 1996[1]
    • EU: March 8, 1996
    MS-DOS
    • NA: March 5, 1996[1]
    • EU: March 8, 1996
Genre(s)Interactive movie, adventure
Mode(s)Single-player

D[a] is a horror-themed interactive movie and adventure game developed by Warp and directed by Kenji Eno. It was first published by Panasonic for the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer in 1995, later being ported to the Sega Saturn, PlayStation, and MS-DOS. The story follows Laura Harris as she goes to investigate a hospital after learning her father went on a mass murdering spree and barricaded himself inside. The hospital morphs into a castle upon her arrival, which she must explore to find her father. The player controls Laura through computer generated full-motion video (FMV) sequences, and must complete the game within two hours without a save or pause function.

Development lasted about one year and was primarily done with Amiga 4000 computers to create the FMVs. It would be the first major release for the still-unknown Eno and Warp, and so Eno felt that if it were not successful he would retire from game development. He added scenes of violence and cannibalism to make the game more striking, however he believed the content would be too extreme for censors or publishers and feared the game would not be permitted for publishing. To ensure these scenes would not be censored, Eno submitted a "clean" version for late publisher approval, knowing they would require him to deliver the game to the manufacturer. On his way to the manufacturer, he switched the clean version with his master version containing the more disturbing content.

The game was a commercial and critical success in Japan, selling a million copies and receiving a special edition re-release. Critics in the West praised D's horror elements, story, graphics, and presentation. Reviewers of the 3DO version found it to be one of the best games on the platform. For the PlayStation release, Sony did not print enough copies to match pre-orders. Eno was very upset with this, and would release his later games exclusively on Sega platforms. Warp dubbed the CG model for Laura Harris a "digital actress" and had "her" play different characters in two later games, Enemy Zero (1996) and D2 (1999), the stories for which are unrelated to D. Modern retrospectives find D less appealing, but still commend it for its place in history as a unique blend of cinema and gaming and an early example of mature horror game design.

  1. ^ a b c "Solving the Mystery means Visiting the Dark Pit of your Soul". Game Players. GP Publications. April 1996. p. 101.
  2. ^ "Software List (Released by Soft Licensees)". セガ 製品情報サイト (in Japanese). Sega. Retrieved May 15, 2023.


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