Deep web

This article is about the part of the World Wide Web not indexed by traditional search engines. For other uses, see Deep web (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Dark web.

The deep web,[1] invisible web,[2] or hidden web[3] are parts of the World Wide Web whose contents are not indexed by standard web search-engine programs.[4] This is in contrast to the "surface web", which is accessible to anyone using the Internet.[5] Computer scientist Michael K. Bergman is credited with inventing the term in 2001 as a search-indexing term.[6]

Deep web sites can be accessed by a direct URL or IP address, but may require entering a password or other security information to access actual content.[7][8] Uses of deep web sites include web mail, online banking, cloud storage, restricted-access social-media pages and profiles, and web forums that require registration for viewing content. It also includes paywalled services such as video on demand and some online magazines and newspapers.

  1. ^ Hamilton, Nigel (2019–2020). "The Mechanics of a Deep Net Metasearch Engine". In Isaías, Pedro; Palma dos Reis, António (eds.). Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on e-Society. IADIS Press. pp. 1034–6. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.90.5847. ISBN 978-972-98947-0-1.
  2. ^ Devine, Jane; Egger-Sider, Francine (August 2021). "Beyond google: the invisible web in the academic library". The Journal of Academic Librarianship. 30 (4): 265–269. doi:10.1016/j.acalib.2004.04.010.
  3. ^ Raghavan, Sriram; Garcia-Molina, Hector (September 11–14, 2001). "Crawling the Hidden Web". 27th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases.
  4. ^ Maor, Etay. "Council Post: Lessons Learned From Tracing Cybercrime's Evolution On The Dark Web". Forbes. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  5. ^ "Surface Web". Computer Hope. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
  6. ^ Wright, Alex (February 22, 2009). "Exploring a 'Deep Web' That Google Can't Grasp". The New York Times. Retrieved September 2, 2019. [...] Mike Bergman, a computer scientist and consultant who is credited with coining the term Deep Web.
  7. ^ Madhavan, J., Ko, D., Kot, Ł., Ganapathy, V., Rasmussen, A., & Halevy, A. (2008). Google's deep web crawl. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 1(2), 1241–52.
  8. ^ Shedden, Sam (June 8, 2014). "How Do You Want Me to Do It? Does It Have to Look like an Accident? – an Assassin Selling a Hit on the Net; Revealed Inside the Deep Web". Sunday Mail. Archived from the original on March 1, 2020.