Deprogramming

Deprogramming is a controversial tactic that seeks to dissuade someone from "strongly held convictions"[1] such as religious beliefs. Deprogramming purports to assist a person who holds a particular belief system—of a kind considered harmful by those initiating the deprogramming—to change those beliefs and sever connections to the group associated with them.[2][3][4] Typically, people identifying themselves as deprogrammers are hired by a person's relatives, often parents of adult children. The subject of the deprogramming is usually forced to undergo the procedure, which might last days or weeks, against their will.

Methods and practices of deprogramming are varied but have often involved kidnapping and false imprisonment,[4][5] which have sometimes resulted in criminal convictions.[5][6][7] The practice has led to controversies over freedom of religion, civil rights, criminality, and the use of violence.[8] Proponents of deprogramming present the practice as a necessary counter-measure to the systematic "brainwashing" procedures allegedly employed by religious groups, which they claim deprive the individual of their capacity for free choice.

  1. ^ "Definition of DEPROGRAM". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2022-09-17.
  2. ^ Melton, J. Gordon (1999). New Religious Movements. New York: Routledge. p. 218. ISBN 0-415-20049-0.
  3. ^ Shupe, Anson (2005). Encyclopedia of religion, edited by Lindsay Jones, 2291–3. Vol. 4. 2nd ed. Macmillan Reference, USA.
  4. ^ a b Neal, Lynn S. (2012). "Deprogramming". Encyclopedia of Religious Controversies in the United States. Edited by Bill J. Leonard and Jill Y. Crainshaw. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Denver, CO: ABC-CLIO.
  5. ^ a b "Notes: Cults, Deprogrammers, and the Necessity Defense". Michigan Law Review. 80 (2): 271–311. December 1981. doi:10.2307/1288050. JSTOR 1288050 – via JSTOR.
  6. ^ Hunter, Howard O.; Price, Polly J. (2001). "Regulation of religious proselytism in the United States". Brigham Young University Law Review. 2001 (2).
  7. ^ "Ted Patrick Convicted of Seizing Woman Said to Have Joined Cult; Escaped From Abductors". The New York Times. August 30, 1980.
  8. ^ Ikemoto, Keiko; Nakamura, Masakazu (2004). "Forced deprogramming from a religion and mental health: A case report of PTSD". International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 27 (2): 147–155. doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2004.01.005. PMID 15063639.