Developmental plasticity

Developmental plasticity is a general term referring to changes in neural connections during development as a result of environmental interactions as well as neural changes induced by learning.[1] Much like neuroplasticity, or brain plasticity, developmental plasticity is specific to the change in neurons and synaptic connections as a consequence of developmental processes. A child creates most of these connections from birth to early childhood. There are three primary methods by which this may occur as the brain develops,[citation needed] but critical periods determine when lasting changes may form. Developmental plasticity may also be used in place of the term phenotypic plasticity when an organism in an embryonic or larval stage can alter its phenotype based on environmental factors.[2] However, a main difference between the two is that phenotypic plasticity experienced during adulthood can be reversible, whereas traits that are considered developmentally plastic set foundations during early development that remain throughout the life of the organism.[3]

  1. ^ Kolb, Bryan; Gibb, Robbin (2011). "Brain plasticity and behaviour in the developing brain". Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 20 (4): 265–276. ISSN 2293-6122. PMC 3222570. PMID 22114608.
  2. ^ Gilbert, Scott F.; Epel, David (2015). Ecological developmental biology: the environmental regulation of development, health, and evolution (2nd ed.). Sunderland, Massachusetts, U.S.A.: Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60535-344-9. OCLC 905089531.
  3. ^ Lafuente, Elvira; Beldade, Patrícia (2019). "Genomics of Developmental Plasticity in Animals". Frontiers in Genetics. 10. doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00720. ISSN 1664-8021. PMC 6709652. PMID 31481970.