Dianism is a 19th-century American spiritual sexual practice consisting of "sexual satisfaction from sexual contact" but without ejaculation.[1] The practice was named after Diana, the Roman goddess of chastity, by American court reporter and astronomer Henry M. Parkhurst in his 1882 pamphlet Diana.[2] In the 1890s, sexual mystic Ida Craddock included Dianism as part of her teachings.[3] In the 20th century, the practice found favor with American followers of Aleister Crowley, most notably C. F. Russell.[4]