Diloxanide

Diloxanide
Clinical data
Trade namesFuramide
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Routes of
administration		by mouth
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability90% (diloxanide)
MetabolismHydrolyzed to furoic acid and diloxanide, which undergoes extensive glucuronidation
Elimination half-life3 hours
ExcretionKidney (90%), fecal (10%)
Identifiers
  • 4-[(Dichloroacetyl)(methyl)amino]phenyl furan-2-carboxylate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.021.008 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC14H11Cl2NO4
Molar mass328.15 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point112.5 to 114 °C (234.5 to 237.2 °F)
  • O=C(Oc1ccc(N(C(=O)C(Cl)Cl)C)cc1)c2occc2
  • InChI=1S/C14H11Cl2NO4/c1-17(13(18)12(15)16)9-4-6-10(7-5-9)21-14(19)11-3-2-8-20-11/h2-8,12H,1H3 checkY
  • Key:BDYYDXJSHYEDGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Diloxanide is a medication used to treat amoeba infections.[1] In places where infections are not common, it is a second line treatment after paromomycin when a person has no symptoms.[2] For people who are symptomatic, it is used after treatment with metronidazole or tinidazole.[2] It is taken by mouth.[1]

Diloxanide generally has mild side effects.[3] Side effects may include flatulence, vomiting, and itchiness.[1] During pregnancy it is recommended that it be taken after the first trimester.[1] It is a luminal amebicide meaning that it only works on infections within the intestines.[2]

Diloxanide came into medical use in 1956.[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[4] It is not commercially available in much of the developed world as of 2012.[5]

  1. ^ a b c d World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 179, 587. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
  2. ^ a b c Farthing MJ (August 2006). "Treatment options for the eradication of intestinal protozoa". Nature Clinical Practice. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 3 (8): 436–445. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0557. PMID 16883348. S2CID 19657328.
  3. ^ a b Hellgren U, Ericsson O, AdenAbdi Y, Gustafsson LL (2003). Handbook of Drugs for Tropical Parasitic Infections. CRC Press. p. 57. ISBN 9780203211519. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
  4. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  5. ^ Griffin PM (2012). "Chapter 181: Diloxanide furoate". In Grayson ML (ed.). Kucers' the use of antibiotics a clinical review of antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral drugs (6th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 2121. ISBN 9781444147520. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017.