Domingo Faustino Sarmiento | |
|---|---|
 Sarmiento in c. 1874 | |
| 7th President of Argentina | |
| In office 12 October 1868 – 11 October 1874 | |
| Vice President | Adolfo Alsina |
| Preceded by | Bartolomé Mitre |
| Succeeded by | Nicolás Avellaneda |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship | |
| In office 6 September 1879 – 9 October 1879 | |
| President | Nicolás Avellaneda |
| Preceded by | Manuel Montes de Oca |
| Succeeded by | Lucas González |
| Minister of the Interior | |
| In office 29 August 1879 – 9 October 1879 | |
| President | Nicolás Avellaneda |
| Preceded by | Bernardo de Irigoyen |
| Succeeded by | Benjamín Zorrilla |
| Governor of San Juan | |
| In office 3 January 1862 – 9 April 1864 | |
| Preceded by | Francisco Díaz |
| Succeeded by | Santiago Lloveras |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 15 February 1811 San Juan, Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata |
| Died | 11 September 1888 (aged 77) Asunción, Paraguay |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse | |
| Domestic partner(s) | Aurelia Vélez Sársfield (1857–1888) |
| Children | Ana Faustina[a] Domingo Fidel[b] |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Argentina |
| Branch/service |  Argentine Army |
| Years of service | 1834–1863 |
| Rank |  Divisional General |
Philosophy career Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox philosopher with unknown parameter "influences" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox philosopher with unknown parameter "influenced" | |
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (Spanish: [doˈmiŋɡo saɾˈmjento]; 15 February 1811 – 11 September 1888) was an Argentine activist, intellectual, writer, statesman and President of Argentina. His writing spanned a wide range of genres and topics, from journalism to autobiography, to political philosophy and history. He was a member of a group of intellectuals, known as the Generation of 1837, who had a great influence on 19th-century Argentina. He was particularly concerned with educational issues and was also an important influence on the region's literature.
Sarmiento grew up in a poor but politically active family that paved the way for many of his future accomplishments. Between 1843 and 1850, he was frequently in exile, and wrote in both Chile and in Argentina. His greatest literary achievement was Facundo, a critique of Juan Manuel de Rosas, that Sarmiento wrote while working for the newspaper El Progreso during his exile in Chile. The book brought him far more than just literary recognition; he expended his efforts and energy on the war against dictatorships, specifically that of Rosas, and contrasted enlightened Europe—a world where, in his eyes, democracy, social services, and intelligent thought were valued—with the barbarism of the gaucho and especially the caudillo, the ruthless strongmen of nineteenth-century Argentina.
While president of Argentina from 1868 to 1874, Sarmiento championed intelligent thought—including education for children and women—and democracy for Latin America. He also took advantage of the opportunity to modernize and develop train systems, a postal system, and a comprehensive education system. He spent many years in ministerial roles on the federal and state levels where he travelled abroad and examined other education systems.
Sarmiento died in Asunción, Paraguay, at the age of 77 from a heart attack. He was buried in Buenos Aires. Today, he is respected as a political innovator and writer. Miguel de Unamuno considered him among the greatest writers of Castilian prose.[4]
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- ^ Bravo, Héctor Félix (1993). "Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (1811–1888)" (PDF). Perspectivas: Revista trimestral de educación comparada - UNESCO. XXIII: 808–821. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- ^ Herrero, Alejandro (2012). "Lugones and Ingenieros and their homage to Domingo Faustino Sarmiento in the first hundred anniversary of his birth (1911)" (PDF). Estudios de Filosofía Práctica e Historia de las Ideas. XIX n. 2: 57–72. ISSN 1515-7180. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
- ^ A. Fernándes Leys Hallazgo de Unamuno en Sarmiento, "Sobre la literatura hispanoamericana. Ensayos" T. I., p. 855. Aguilar
- ^ Campobassi, José Salvador (1975). Sarmiento y su época, Volumen 1. Buenos Aires: Losada.