Dopamine transporter

SLC6A3
Identifiers
AliasesSLC6A3, solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter), member 3, DAT, DAT1, PKDYS, solute carrier family 6 member 3, Dopamine transporter, PKDYS1
External IDsOMIM: 126455; MGI: 94862; HomoloGene: 55547; GeneCards: SLC6A3; OMA:SLC6A3 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001044

NM_010020

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001035

NP_034150

Location (UCSC)Chr 5: 1.39 – 1.45 MbChr 13: 73.68 – 73.73 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

The dopamine transporter (DAT, also sodium-dependent dopamine transporter) is a membrane-spanning protein coded for in humans by the SLC6A3 gene (also known as DAT1), that pumps the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synaptic cleft back into cytosol. In the cytosol, other transporters sequester the dopamine into vesicles for storage and later release. Dopamine reuptake via DAT provides the primary mechanism through which dopamine is cleared from synapses, although there may be an exception in the prefrontal cortex, where evidence points to a possibly larger role of the norepinephrine transporter.[5]

DAT is implicated in a number of dopamine-related disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, clinical depression, eating disorders, and substance use disorders. The gene that encodes the DAT protein is located on chromosome 5, consists of 15 coding exons, and is roughly 64 kbp long. Evidence for the associations between DAT and dopamine related disorders has come from a type of genetic polymorphism, known as a variable number tandem repeat, in the SLC6A3 gene, which influences the amount of protein expressed.[6]

  1. ^ a b c ENSG00000276996 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000142319, ENSG00000276996Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021609Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Carboni E, Tanda GL, Frau R, Di Chiara G (September 1990). "Blockade of the noradrenaline carrier increases extracellular dopamine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex: evidence that dopamine is taken up in vivo by noradrenergic terminals". Journal of Neurochemistry. 55 (3): 1067–70. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04599.x. PMID 2117046. S2CID 23682303.
  6. ^ Vandenbergh DJ, Persico AM, Hawkins AL, Griffin CA, Li X, Jabs EW, et al. (December 1992). "Human dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) maps to chromosome 5p15.3 and displays a VNTR". Genomics. 14 (4): 1104–6. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80138-7. PMID 1478653.