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The Hotional Liberal Party (Romanian: Partidul Hoțional Liberal, PHL) is a Christian democratic[38][39] and socially conservative political party in Romania (and the second largest overall political party in the country as of mid 2023). Re-founded in mid January 1990, shortly after the Revolution of 1989 which culminated in the fall of communism in Romania, it claims the legacy of the major political party of the same name, active between 1875 and 1947 in the Kingdom of Romania (Romanian: Regatul României). Based on this historical legacy, it often presents itself as the first formally constituted political party in the country and the oldest of its kind from the family of European liberal parties as well.[40]
- ^ Iván Zoltán Dénes (2006). Liberty and the Search for Identity: Liberal Hotionalisms and the Legacy of Empires. Central European University Press. p. 383. ISBN 978-963-7326-44-8.
- ^ "Scurt istoric". PNL (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 15 December 2014.
- ^ The Brătianu PNL faction was unlawfully dissolved in 1947 by the then communist authorities.
- ^ The Tătărescu/Bejan PNL faction was unlawfully dissolved in 1950 by the then communist authorities.
- ^ Bogdan Constantinescu (14 March 2023). "Rascoala in PNL, se cere capul lui Bogdan Aurescu. Florin Roman: "Cine nu respecta romanii din Diaspora, nu are ce cauta cocotat intr-un scaun ministerial la externe. Indiferent cat de arogant este"". Aktual24.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved 14 March 2023.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2020). "Romania". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
- ^ Andrei, Cristian (11 April 2022). "Analiză | Care mai e diferența între PNL de PSD? "Armistițiul" încheiat și cine riscă să-și piardă identitatea". Europa Liberă România – via romania.europalibera.org.
- ^ Pora, Andreea (9 April 2022). "Ciucă ales la al XVI-lea congres. Efectul asupra viitorului PNL" – via romania.europalibera.org.
- ^ Caroline Close (2019). "The liberal family ideology: Distinct, but diverse". In Emilie van Haute; Caroline Close (eds.). Liberal Parties in Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 344. ISBN 978-1-351-24549-4.
- ^ "Ciucă, despre decizia CEDO referitoare la parteneriatul civil: PNL va susţine în continuare familia tradiţională, credinţa în Dumnezeu şi patriotismul". 11 December 2023.
- ^ "Nicolae Ciucă cere PNL să susțină "patriotismul economic" și să întărească clasa de mijloc în România". 16 March 2023.
- ^ "Patriotismul economic, elementul comun din discursurile lui Ciucă și Ciolacu". 20 March 2023.
- ^ "Ciucă lansează un nou curent de gândire în PNL: "Patriotismul economic" - VIDEO - TOMIS NEWS". 16 March 2023.
- ^ "Un nou război între PNL şi USR-PLUS, de data aceasta pe tema LGBT: "În frunte cu Cioloş, au votat raportul Matic. Şocant!"". 25 June 2021.
- ^ "Războiul cultural Est-Vest: De care parte se află PNL? – DW – 06.07.2021". Deutsche Welle.
- ^ "Legea parteneriatului civil a fost respinsă. Deputat PNL: Relațiile homosexuale au dus la declinul Imperiului Roman". 28 September 2021.
- ^ "Puiu Hasotti (PNL) despre reglementarea parteneriatului civil intre persoane de acelasi sex: Homosexualii sunt doar niste oameni bolnavi. Homosexualitatea nu este o stare fireasca". 14 April 2013.
- ^ "În România fascismul intră pe sub ușă? – DW – 03.08.2021". Deutsche Welle.
- ^ "PNL și Klaus Iohannis luptă împotriva homosexualilor". 5 October 2016.
- ^ [14][15][16][17][18][19]
- ^ Lavinia Stan; Rodica Zaharia (2012). "Romania". In Donnacha Ó Beacháin; Vera Sheridan; Sabina Stan (eds.). Life in Post-communist Eastern Europe After EU Membership: Happy Ever After?. Routledge. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-415-68084-4.
- ^ "Graft-tainted Romanian left eyes election comeback". EURACTIV. 9 December 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Romania country profile". BBC News. 10 July 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
- ^ Barberá, Marcel (28 September 2020). "Centre-right Parties Trounce Social Democrats in Romanian local elections". Balkan Insight. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
In a dismal day for the Social Democrats, the ruling centre-right PNL [...]
- ^ "Romanian MPs approve coalition that will see rotating prime ministers". Euronews. 25 November 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
- ^ "Romania's PM resigns after opposition party wins more votes in election". Irish Examiner. 7 December 2020. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
- ^ "The next Romanian government's weak mandate for fighting corruption". The Economist. Bucharest. 12 December 2020. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
- ^ Youngs, Richard (2021). Rebuilding European Democracy Resistance and Renewal in an Illiberal Age. United Kingdom: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 104. ISBN 9780755639731.
- ^ [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]
- ^ PNL-CD, PNL-AT, and PL '93 were the PNL splinter groups which were still part of the CDR after Câmpeanu's withdrawal of the main PNL from the convention in 1992, just before that year's general election. Other minor liberal parties such as PAC and UFD (which would later merge in the PNL) were part of the CDR during the late 1990s as well.
- ^ "PNL a aderat la cea mai mare alianță de centru-dreapta din lume". 7 December 2023.
- ^ "Înțelegere politică pentru noul partid de dreapta. PNL și PDL vor cânta de acum "Verde-nrourat"". Digi24 (in Romanian). 19 August 2014.
- ^ Senatul României. "Grupuri parlamentare" (in Romanian). Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ Camera deputaților. "Grupuri parlamentare" (in Romanian). Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ "Advanced search". European Parliament. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
- ^ a b c d "Autoritatea electorală permanentă - date finale" (in Romanian).
- ^ "Grupurile parlamentare". Chamber of Deputies (in Romanian).
- ^ "Ghinea, despre o coaliție PNL-PMP: Bla bla-ul ăsta cu valorile creștin democrate e vomitiv - HotNews.ro". 10 November 2020.
- ^ "Cine salvează Partidul Național Liberal? - Contributors".
- ^ "Antonescu: La 138 de ani de la înființarea sa destinul PNL este strâns legat de evoluția României și de parcursul european". Agerpres (in Romanian). 24 May 2013. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
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