Dryopteris

The moth genus Dryopteris is now considered a junior synonym of Oreta.

Dryopteris
Male fern (Dryopteris filix-mas)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Polypodiineae
Family: Dryopteridaceae
Subfamily: Dryopteridoideae
Genus: Dryopteris
Adans.[1]
Species

See text

Dryopteris /draɪˈɒptərɪs/,[2] commonly called the wood ferns, male ferns (referring in particular to Dryopteris filix-mas), or buckler ferns, is a fern genus in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[3] There are about 300-400 species in the genus.[1][3][4][5] The species are distributed in Asia, the Americas, Europe, Africa, and the Pacific islands, with the highest diversity in eastern Asia.[5][6] It is placed in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[3] Many of the species have stout, slowly creeping rootstocks that form a crown, with a vase-like ring of fronds. The sori are round, with a peltate indusium. The stipes have prominent scales.

Hybridization and polyploidy are well-known phenomena in this group, with many species formed via these processes. The North American Dryopteris hybrid complex is a well-known example of speciation via allopolyploid hybridization.[7]

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference CFLW was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
  3. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference PPGI was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Zhang, Li-Bing; Zhang, Liang; Dong, Shi-Yong; Sessa, Emily B; Gao, Xin-Fen; Ebihara, Atsushi (2012). "Molecular circumscription and major evolutionary lineages of the fern genus Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 180. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12..180Z. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-180. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 3483261. PMID 22971160.
  5. ^ a b Sessa, Emily B.; Zhang, Li-Bing; Väre, Henry; Juslén, Aino (2015-08-01). "What We Do (and Don't) Know About Ferns: Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) as a Case Study". Systematic Botany. 40 (2): 387–399. doi:10.1600/036364415X688844. S2CID 86153986.
  6. ^ Sessa, Emily B.; Juslén, Aino; Väre, Henry; Chambers, Sally M. (March 2017). "Into Africa: Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of sub-Saharan African woodferns ( Dryopteris )". American Journal of Botany. 104 (3): 477–486. doi:10.3732/ajb.1600392. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 28325830.
  7. ^ Sessa, Emily B; Zimmer, Elizabeth A; Givnish, Thomas J (2012). "Unraveling reticulate evolution in North American Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 104. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12..104S. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-104. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 3509404. PMID 22748145.