Duke Wen of Jin

Duke Wen of Jin
晉文公
Duke of Jin
Duke Wen of Jin Recovering His State by Li Tang, 1140
Ruler of Jin
Reign636–628 BC
PredecessorDuke Huai of Jin
SuccessorDuke Xiang of Jin
Born697 BC
Died628 BC (aged 68–69)
SpouseJi Kui (zh:季隗)
Qi Jiang (zh:齊姜)
Huai Ying (zh:懷嬴)
IssueBotiao (伯鯈)
Shuliu (叔劉)
Duke Xiang
Prince Yong (zh:公子雍)
Prince Le(zh:公子樂)
Duke Cheng
Names
Ancestral name: Ji
Given name: Chong'er
FatherDuke Xian of Jin
MotherHu Ji
Duke Wen of Jin
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Literal meaningCultured Duke of Jin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinJìn Wéngōng
Wade–GilesChin Wen Kung
IPA[tɕîn wə̌n.kʊ́ŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationJeun Màhn Gūng
JyutpingZeon3 Man4 Gung1
Southern Min
Tâi-lôTsìn Bûn Kong
Middle Chinese
Middle ChineseTsìn Mjun Kuwng
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)*Tsi[n]-s Mə[n] C.qˤong
Chong'er
Chinese
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChóng'ěr
Wade–GilesCh‘ung-êrh
IPA[ʈʂʰʊ̌ŋ.àɚ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationChùhng-yíh
JyutpingCung4-ji5
Southern Min
Tâi-lôTîng-ní
Middle Chinese
Middle Chineseɖjuwng-nyí
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)*[m]-trong C.nəʔ

Duke Wen of Jin (697–628 BC), born Chong'er (literally "Double Ears"), was a member of the royal house of Jin during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. He was exiled from Jin for approximately 20 years before finally being restored to power (r. 636–628 BC) and rapidly leading Jin to hegemony over the other Chinese states of his time. He is a figure in numerous Chinese legends, including those about his loyal courtier Jie Zhitui, whose death is said to have inspired China's Cold Food and Qingming Festivals.