| Dura mater | |
|---|---|
 Meninges of the central nervous system | |
 The dura mater extends into the skull cavity as the dural reflections of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli | |
| Details | |
| Pronunciation | UK: /ˈdjʊərə ˈmeɪtər/, US: /- ˈmætər/ |
| Precursor | Neural crest |
| Part of | Meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | dura mater |
| MeSH | D004388 |
| TA98 | A14.1.01.101 A14.1.01.002 |
| TA2 | 5370 |
| FMA | 9592 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
The dura mater, (or just dura) is the outermost of the three meningeal membranes. The dura mater has two layers, an outer periosteal layer closely adhered to the neurocranium, and an inner meningeal layer known as the dural border cell layer.[1] The two dural layers are for the most part fused together forming a thick fibrous tissue membrane that covers the brain and the vertebrae of the spinal column.[2] But the layers are separated at the dural venous sinuses to allow blood to drain from the brain.[3] The dura covers the arachnoid mater and the pia mater the other two meninges in protecting the central nervous system.
At major boundaries of brain regions such as the longitudinal fissure between the hemispheres, and the tentorium cerebelli between the posterior brain and the cerebellum the dura separates, folds and invaginates to make the divisions. These folds are known as dural folds, or reflections.[3]
The dura mater is primarily derived from neural crest cells, with postnatal contributions from the paraxial mesoderm.[4]
- ^ Santorella, E; Balsbaugh, JL; Ge, S; Saboori, P; Baker, D; Pachter, JS (19 October 2023). "Proteomic interrogation of the meninges reveals the molecular identities of structural components and regional distinctions along the CNS axis". Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. 20 (1): 74. doi:10.1186/s12987-023-00473-w. PMC 10588166. PMID 37858244.
- ^ Mescher, A (2024). Jonqueira's Basic Histology (17th ed.). McGraw Hill. p. 179. ISBN 9781264930395.
- ^ a b Dasgupta, K; Jeong, J (May 2019). "Developmental biology of the meninges". Genesis. 57 (5): e23288. doi:10.1002/dvg.23288. PMC 6520190. PMID 30801905.
- ^ Gagan, Jeffrey R.; Tholpady, Sunil S.; Ogle, Roy C. (2007). "Cellular dynamics and tissue interactions of the dura mater during head development". Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews. 81 (4): 297–304. doi:10.1002/bdrc.20104. PMID 18228258.