Republic of Haiti République d’Haïti Repiblik d Ayiti | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1957–1986 | |||||||||||
| Motto: Liberté, égalité, fraternité (French)[1] "Liberty, equality, fraternity" | |||||||||||
| Anthem: La Dessalinienne (French) The Dessalines Song | |||||||||||
 | |||||||||||
| Capital | Port-au-Prince | ||||||||||
| Common languages | French, Haitian Creole | ||||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, Vodou | ||||||||||
| Government | Unitary one-party presidential republic under a personalist hereditary dictatorship | ||||||||||
| President | |||||||||||
• 1957–1971 | François Duvalier | ||||||||||
• 1971–1986 | Jean-Claude Duvalier | ||||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||||
• Unicameral since 1961 | Legislative Chamber | ||||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||||
• Established | 22 October 1957 | ||||||||||
| 7 February 1986 | |||||||||||
| Currency | Haitian gourde | ||||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | HT | ||||||||||
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The Duvalier dynasty (French: Dynastie des Duvalier, Haitian Creole: Dinasti Duvalier) was an autocratic hereditary dictatorship in Haiti that lasted almost 29 years, from 1957 until 1986, spanning the rule of the father-and-son duo Dr. François Duvalier (Papa Doc) and Jean-Claude Duvalier (Baby Doc).[2][3][4][5]
- ^ Republic of Haiti, Constitution of Haiti, 1964 (as amended, 1971), article 193, third paragraph: "The motto is: Liberté, égalité, fraternité"." General Secretariat, Organization of American States, Washington, D.C., 1974.
- ^ Collier, Michael W. (2005). Political Corruption in the Caribbean Basin: Constructing a Theory to Combat Corruption. Routledge. p. 86. ISBN 0415973287. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
- ^ Press, ed. (1988). Inter-American Yearbook on Human Rights, 1988. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 578. ISBN 0792312643. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
- ^ Press, ed. (1988). "Caribbean Affairs, Volume 1". Trinidad Express Newspapers. p. 55. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
- ^ Tullock, Gordon (1987). Autocracy. Springer. p. 17. ISBN 9024733987. Retrieved 13 December 2015.