The term ecological reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Ecológica) is used for various protected areas of Brazil administered by the federal government, states and municipalities of Brazil that provide some degree of protection of the environment, although they do not conform to IUCN protected area categories. They include:
| Name | State | Level | Created | Area (ha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcobaça Ecological Reserve | Rio de Janeiro | Federal | 1988 | 228 |
| Apiacás Ecological Reserve | Mato Grosso | State | 1994 | 100,000 |
| Great Pontal Reserve | São Paulo | State | 1942 | 246,840 |
| IBGE Ecological Reserve | Federal District | Federal | 1995 | 1,300 |
| Ilha dos Lobos Ecological Reserve | Rio Grande do Sul | Federal | 1983 | 1.7 |
| Jacarenema Ecological Reserve | Espírito Santo | State | 1997 | 307 |
| Juatinga Ecological Reserve | Rio de Janeiro | State | 1992 | 9,960 |
| Lagoa São Paulo Reserve | São Paulo | State | 1942 | 937 |
| Mata do Bacurizal e do Lago Caraparu Ecological Reserve | Pará | Municipal |