Sir Edmund Andros | |
|---|---|
 Portrait by Frederick Stone Batcheller | |
| 4th Colonial Governor of New York | |
| In office 9 February 1674 – 18 April 1683 | |
| Monarch | Charles II |
| Preceded by | Anthony Colve |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Dongan |
| Bailiff of Guernsey | |
| In office 1674–1713 | |
| Preceded by | Amias Andros |
| Succeeded by | Jean de Sausmarez |
| Governor of the Dominion of New England (Governor-in-chief of New England) | |
| In office 20 December 1686 – 18 April 1689 | |
| Preceded by | Joseph Dudley |
| Succeeded by | None (dominion dissolved) (partly Simon Bradstreet as Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony) |
| Colonial Governor of Virginia | |
| In office September 1692 – May 1698 | |
| Preceded by | Lord Effingham |
| Succeeded by | Francis Nicholson |
| 3rd and 5th Royal Governor of Maryland | |
| In office September 1693 – May 1694 | |
| Preceded by | Sir Thomas Lawrence |
| Succeeded by | Nicholas Greenberry |
| In office 1694–1694 | |
| Preceded by | Nicholas Greenberry |
| Succeeded by | Sir Thomas Lawrence |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 6 December 1637 London, England |
| Died | 24 February 1714 (aged 76) London, England |
| Resting place | St Anne's Church, Soho, London |
| Signature |  |
Sir Edmund Andros (6 December 1637 – 24 February 1714;[1] also spelled Edmond)[2][3] was an English colonial administrator in British America. He was the governor of the Dominion of New England during most of its three-year existence. At other times, Andros served as governor of the provinces of New York, East and West Jersey, Virginia, and Maryland.
Before serving in North America, he served as Bailiff of Guernsey. His tenure in New England was authoritarian and turbulent, as his views were decidedly pro-Anglican, a negative quality in a region home to many Puritans. His actions in New England resulted in his overthrow during the 1689 Boston revolt. He became governor of Virginia three years later.
Andros was considered a more effective governor in New York and Virginia. However, he became the enemy of prominent figures in both colonies, many of whom worked to remove him from office. Despite these enmities, he managed to negotiate several treaties of the Covenant Chain with the Iroquois, establishing a long-lived peace involving the colonies and other tribes that interacted with that confederacy. His actions and governance generally followed his instructions upon appointment to office, and he received approbation from the monarchs and governments that appointed him.
Andros was recalled to England from Virginia in 1698 and resumed the title of Bailiff of Guernsey. Although he no longer resided entirely on Guernsey, he was appointed lieutenant governor of the island and served in this position for four years. Andros died in 1714.
- ^ "Sir Edmund Andros". Encyclopedia Britannica. 20 July 1998. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
- ^ "Edmond Andros judgment concerning John Underhill estate: NYU Special Collections Finding Aids". findingaids.library.nyu.edu.
- ^ Wright, Louis B. (1945). "William Byrd's Defense of Sir Edmund Andros". The William and Mary Quarterly. 2 (1): 47–62. doi:10.2307/1920687. JSTOR 1920687 – via JSTOR.