Effa Manley

Effa Manley
Born(1897-03-27)March 27, 1897
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedApril 16, 1981(1981-04-16) (aged 84)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
OccupationOwner of the Newark Eagles of the Negro leagues
Spouses
  • George Bush
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1920, divorced)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1933; died 1952)​
  • Henry Moton Clinton
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1953; div. 1954)​
  • Charles Wesley Alexander
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1956; div. 1957)​
Baseball career
Career highlights and awards
Member of the National
Baseball Hall of Fame
Induction2006
Election methodCommittee on African-American Baseball

Effa Louise Manley (née Brooks; March 27, 1897 – April 16, 1981) was an American sports executive. She co-owned the Newark Eagles baseball franchise in the Negro leagues with her husband Abe Manley from 1935 to 1948.[1] Throughout that time, she served as the team's business manager and fulfilled many of her husband's duties as treasurer of the Negro National League. In 2006, she posthumously became the first (and, as of March 2024, only) woman inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame, chosen by the Special Committee on Negro Leagues for her work as an executive.[1][2][3]

  1. ^ a b Effa Manley
  2. ^ Effa Manley
  3. ^ Smith, Claire (July 1, 2020). "Effa Manley fought for social justice and the Negro Leagues". ESPN. Andscape. Retrieved July 3, 2020.